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Trichophyton rubrum is a dermatophytic fungus in the phylum Ascomycota.It is an exclusively clonal, [2] anthropophilic saprotroph that colonizes the upper layers of dead skin, and is the most common cause of athlete's foot, fungal infection of nail, jock itch, and ringworm worldwide. [3]
Likelihood of infection is increased if the skin integrity is compromised, as in minor breaks. [8] The fungi use various proteinases to establish infection in the keratinized stratum corneum. [8] Some studies also suggest that a class of proteins called LysM coat the fungal cell walls to help the fungi evade host cell immune response. [8]
Tolnaftate is included in many products for fungal skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch and ringworm. Del Campo says it's best, however, to opt for a preparation designed for nails.
Toe nails become infected with fungi in the same way as the rest of the foot, typically by being trapped with fungi in the warm, dark, moist inside of a shoe. Fungal infection of the nails is called tinea unguium, and is not included in the medical definition of "athlete's foot", even though toe nails are part of the foot. Fungi are more ...
The fungus was first isolated in 1870 from a tinea cruris patient in Germany by Carl Otto Harz, who named it Acrothecium floccosum. [10] Being unaware of Harz's work, Castellani and Sabouraud identified the species again in 1905 and 1907, respectively, and both placed the fungus into the genus Epidermophyton. [11]
Miconazole, sold under the brand name Monistat among others, is an antifungal medication used to treat ring worm, pityriasis versicolor, and yeast infections of the skin or vagina. [2] It is used for ring worm of the body, groin (jock itch), and feet (athlete's foot). [2] It is applied to the skin or vagina as a cream or ointment. [2] [3]
“Athlete’s foot, also known as tinea pedis, is a fungal infection that affects the skin of the feet,” explains Dr. Mohammad Rimawi, a board-certified podiatrist in New York City. Left ...
These pores are believed to open at about 10 minutes following topical application of sertaconazole. One hour following topical application, approximately 90% of fungal cells die from lack of energy (due to ATP loss) and general loss of homeostasis. Sertaconazole is thought to be the only benzothiophene antifungal with this mechanism of action.