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Note that an ion channel may overlap between different categories. Some channels conduct multiple ion currents and some are gated by multiple mechanisms. Examples of targets for modulators include: Voltage-gated ion channels. Calcium channel: see also Calcium channel blocker, Calcium channel opener; Potassium channel: see also Potassium channel ...
Chloride channel openers refer to a specific category of drugs designed to modulate chloride channels in the human body. Chloride channels are anion-selective channels which are involved in a wide variety of physiological functions and processes such as the regulation of neuroexcitation, transepithelial salt transport, and smooth muscle contraction. [1]
A channel blocker is the biological mechanism in which a particular molecule is used to prevent the opening of ion channels in order to produce a physiological response in a cell. Channel blocking is conducted by different types of molecules, such as cations, anions, amino acids, and other chemicals.
In addition, ion channels are key components in a wide variety of biological processes that involve rapid changes in cells, such as cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle contraction, epithelial transport of nutrients and ions, T-cell activation, and pancreatic beta-cell insulin release. In the search for new drugs, ion channels are a frequent ...
The definition is context-dependent, and can refer to the biological target of a pharmacologically active drug compound, the receptor target of a hormone (like insulin), or some other target of an external stimulus. Biological targets are most commonly proteins such as enzymes, ion channels, and receptors.
The drugs that enter an individual tend to stimulate certain receptors, ion channels, act on enzymes or transport proteins. As a result, they cause the human body to react in a specific way. Based on drug action on receptors, there are 2 different types of drugs: Agonists – they stimulate and activate the receptors
Class 0: ion channels involved in automaticity; Class V: mechanically sensitive ion channels; Class VI: connexins controlling electrotonic cell coupling; Class VII: molecules underlying longer term signalling processes affecting structural remodeling. It also allows for multiple drug targets/actions and adverse pro-arrhythmic effects.
Sodium channel blockers are also used as local anesthetics and anticonvulsants. [5] Sodium channel blockers have been proposed for use in the treatment of cystic fibrosis, [6] but current evidence is mixed. [7] It has been suggested that the analgesic effects of some antidepressants may be mediated in part via sodium channel blockade. [8]