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Parrot's sign (19th century), refers to at least two medical signs; one relating to a large skull and another to a pupil reaction. [1]One Parrot's sign describes the bony growth noted at autopsy by Joseph-Marie-Jules Parrot [] and Jonathan Hutchinson on the skulls of children with congenital syphilis (CS) in the 19th century.
Frontal bossing is the development of an unusually pronounced forehead which may also be associated with a heavier than normal brow ridge. It is caused by enlargement of the frontal bone , often in conjunction with abnormal enlargement of other facial bones , skull , mandible , and bones of the hands and feet.
However, if diagnosis of congenital syphilis is delayed until Hutchinson’s triad is noted–among other signs and symptoms, such as nasal cartilage destruction (saddle nose), frontal bossing, joint swelling (Clutton joints), tibial thickening (Saber shins), hard palate defect–the damage is irreversible. [4]
Compensatory growth occurs forward at the coronal suture and backward at the lambdoid suture giving respectively a prominent forehead, called frontal bossing, and a prominent back portion of the head, called coning. [10] [11] This is the most common form of craniosynostosis. [13]
Frontal release signs are primitive reflexes traditionally held to be a sign of disorders that affect the frontal lobes. The appearance of such signs reflects the area of brain dysfunction rather than a specific disorder which may be diffuse, such as a dementia, or localised, such as a tumor.
Acute periostitis is due to infection, characterized by diffuse formation of pus, severe pain, and constitutional symptoms, and usually results in necrosis.It can be caused by excessive physical activity as well, as in the case of medial tibial stress syndrome (also referred to as tibial periostalgia, soleus periostalgia, or shin splints).
Early recognition of this injury is crucial for survival. Infants who have experienced a difficult operative delivery or are suspected to have a SGH require ongoing monitoring including frequent vital signs (minimally every hour), and serial measurements of hematocrits and their occipital frontal circumference, which increases 1 cm with each 40 mL of blood deposited into the subgaleal space.
PDP has a number of visible signs. Most important clinical features are: pachydermia (thickening and wrinkling of the skin), furrowing of the face and scalp, periostosis (swelling of periarticular tissue and shaggy periosteal new bone formation of long bones) and digital clubbing (enlargement of fingertips). [1]