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Since supplies were poor, slaves were not equipped with the best clothing, meaning they were even more exposed to diseases. [65] On top of the fear of disease, people were afraid of why they were being captured. The popular assumption was that Europeans were cannibals. Stories and rumours spread that whites captured Africans to eat them. [65]
In Virginia, the number of free Black people increased from 10,000 in 1790 to nearly 30,000 in 1810, but 95% of Black people were still enslaved. In Delaware, three-quarters of all Black people were free by 1810. [61] By 1860, just over 91% of Delaware's Black people were free, and 49.1% of those in Maryland. [62]
Enslaved people were also used as agricultural workers in farm communities, especially in the South, but also in upstate New York and Long Island, Connecticut, and New Jersey. By 1770, there were 397,924 blacks out of a population of 2.17 million in what would soon become the United States.
The name Juneteenth refers to June 19, 1865, when enslaved Black people learned about their newfound freedom from federal troops who arrived in Galveston, Texas. This was more than two years after ...
For instance, he noted that in 1850, more than 80% of black slaveholders were of mixed race, but nearly 90% of their slaves were classified as black. [17] Koger also noted that many South Carolina free blacks operated small businesses as skilled artisans, and many owned slaves working in those businesses.
The resistance of enslaved people was widespread during and before the Civil War. One important outcome of that resistance was the effect it had on Southern troop morale as it undermined the belief that black people were more loyal to the Confederacy than the Union. [31]
The number of enslaved people declined by the 1790 U.S. census to 499. To give those numbers context, York County residents held more slaves than any other county in the state in that census.
According to a study by Black historian Carter G. Woodson, 3,777 free Black people owned 12,907 slaves in 1830 — about one-half of 1% of the two million people enslaved in America. And because ...