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The Dieckmann condensation, where a molecule with two ester groups reacts intramolecularly, forming a cyclic β-keto ester. In this case, the ring formed must not be strained, usually a 5- or 6-membered chain or ring. Retro-Claisen condensation is the reverse of the title reaction, i.e., the base-induced cleavage of 2-ketoesters
In molecular biology, the citrate synthase family of proteins includes the enzymes citrate synthase EC 2.3.3.1, and the related enzymes 2-methylcitrate synthase EC 2.3.3.5 and ATP citrate lyase EC 2.3.3.8. Citrate synthase is a member of a small family of enzymes that can directly form a carbon-carbon bond without the presence of metal ion ...
Beta-keto acids, beta-ketoacids, or 3-oxoacids, such as acetoacetic acid, have the ketone group at the second carbon from the carboxylic acid. They generally form by the Claisen condensation. The presence of the keto group at the beta position allows them to easily undergo thermal decarboxylation. [7]
Oxaloacetic acid (also known as oxalacetic acid or OAA) is a crystalline organic compound with the chemical formula HO 2 CC(O)CH 2 CO 2 H. Oxaloacetic acid, in the form of its conjugate base oxaloacetate, is a metabolic intermediate in many processes that occur in animals.
The reaction is known as the Claisen reaction and was described by Claisen for the first time in 1890. Discovered the thermally induced rearrangement of allyl phenyl ether in 1912. He details its reaction mechanism in his last scientific publication (1925). In his honor, the reaction has been named the Claisen rearrangement.
Citrate synthase has three key amino acids in its active site (known as the catalytic triad) which catalyze the conversion of acetyl-CoA [H 3 CC(=O)−SCoA] and oxaloacetate [− O 2 CCH 2 C(=O)CO 2 −] into citrate [− O 2 CCH 2 C(OH)(CO 2 −)CH 2 CO 2 −] and H−SCoA in an aldol condensation reaction. The citrate product is said to be ...
This intermediate decomposes by the evolution of nitrogen gas forming the tertiary carbocation intermediate (3). Initial steps in the Buchner–Curtius–Schlotterbeck reaction mechanism The reaction is then completed either by the reformation of the carbonyl through an 1,2-rearrangement or by the formation of the epoxide.
It can be considered as a specific variation of the aldol condensation. This reaction is named after two of its pioneering investigators Rainer Ludwig Claisen and J. Gustav Schmidt, who independently published on this topic in 1880 and 1881. [1] [2] [3] An example is the synthesis of dibenzylideneacetone ((1E, 4E)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3 ...