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In the psychology of motivation, balance theory is a theory of attitude change, proposed by Fritz Heider. [1] [2] It conceptualizes the cognitive consistency motive as a drive toward psychological balance. The consistency motive is the urge to maintain one's values and beliefs over time.
Structural balance theory posits that some types of triads are forbidden and others are permitted on the basis of four rules. [4]Using the term “friend” to designate a positive sentiment and the term “enemy” to designate a negative sentiment, the classic balance model defines a sentiment network as balanced if it contains no violations of four assumptions:
Field theory is centered around the idea that a person's life space determines their behavior. [2] Thus, the equation was also expressed as B = f ( L ), where L is the life space. [ 4 ] In Lewin's book, he first presents the equation as B = f ( S ), where behavior is a function of the whole situation ( S ). [ 5 ]
In psychology, displacement (German: Verschiebung, lit. 'shift, move') is an unconscious defence mechanism whereby the mind substitutes either a new aim or a new object for things felt in their original form to be dangerous or unacceptable. Example: If your boss criticizes you at work, you might feel angry but can't express it directly to your ...
Often, constructing local balance equations is equivalent to removing the outer summations in the global balance equations for certain terms. [ 1 ] During the 1980s it was thought local balance was a requirement for a product-form equilibrium distribution , [ 10 ] [ 11 ] but Gelenbe 's G-network model showed this not to be the case.
The dual-process account of reasoning is an old theory, as noted above. But according to Evans [54] it has adapted itself from the old, logicist paradigm, to the new theories that apply to other kinds of reasoning as well. And the theory seems more influential now than in the past which is questionable. Evans outlined 5 "fallacies":
The equation is given by ¨ + ˙ + + = (), where the (unknown) function = is the displacement at time t, ˙ is the first derivative of with respect to time, i.e. velocity, and ¨ is the second time-derivative of , i.e. acceleration.
In psychology, adjustment is the condition of a person who is able to adapt to changes in their physical, occupational, and social environment. [1] In other words, adjustment refers to the behavioral process of balancing conflicting needs or needs challenged by obstacles in the environment.