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The 7.62×39mm (aka 7.62 Soviet, formerly .30 Russian Short) [5] round is a rimless bottlenecked intermediate cartridge of Soviet origin. The cartridge is widely used due to the global proliferation of the AK-47 rifle and related Kalashnikov rifles, the SKS semi automatic rifle, as well as the RPD and RPK light machine guns.
Each brand of ammunition in each caliber/cartridge was tested at 18". Then, the barrel was removed and 1" was cut off the end of the barrel and the cut end was dressed. Once all the cartridges had been tested at 18" and the barrels were cut and ready, each brand was tested again at 17" and so on, right down to a 2" barrel.
The 7.62 mm designation refers to the internal diameter of the barrel at the lands (the raised helical ridges in rifled gun barrels). The actual bullet caliber is often 7.82 mm (0.308 in), although Soviet weapons commonly use a 7.91 mm (0.311 in) bullet, as do older British ( .303 British ) and Japanese ( 7.7×58mm Arisaka ) cartridges.
In the same period, 1950–60's, experimental automated manufacture of then-standard intermediate cartridges in 7.62×39mm was launched at the plant. 7.62×39mm rounds are the ammunition for the famed AK-47 series of assault rifles. They are still widely used today, both for old military designs and new professional and amateur hunting rifles ...
The 6.5 Grendel bullets have a true diameter of 6.71mm / 0.264" and the 6.5 Grendel case can be formed from abundant 7.62x39 cases with a neck re-sizing die, and fire-forming a slight change to the shoulder, if the case is made from brass. Many of the popular 7.62x39 cases are made from steel, which will not work for reforming the shoulder.
From the 14.5 in (370 mm) barrel of the M4 carbine, the M855 5.56×45mm round has an effective point target range of 500 meters. The bullet has significant drop, drift, and energy loss at that distance. From a 16 in (410 mm) barrel, a 125 gr (8.1 g) .300 BLK round has a lower velocity and similar bullet drop and drift at shorter distances.
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Example of a ballistic table for a given 7.62×51mm NATO load. Bullet drop and wind drift are shown both in mrad and MOA.. A ballistic table or ballistic chart, also known as the data of previous engagements (DOPE) chart, is a reference data chart used in long-range shooting to predict the trajectory of a projectile and compensate for physical effects of gravity and wind drift, in order to ...