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Newell's shearwater or Hawaiian shearwater (ʻaʻo), (Puffinus newelli) is a seabird in the family Procellariidae. It belongs to a confusing group of shearwaters which are difficult to identify and whose classification is controversial.
ʻAʻo (Newell's shearwater, Puffinus newelli) is a medium-sized shearwater measuring 12–14 in (30–36 cm) with a wing span of 30–35 in (76–89 cm). It has a glossy black back and white belly and a black bill that is sharply hooked at the tip.
Puffinus is a genus of seabirds in the order Procellariiformes that contains about 20 small to medium-sized shearwaters.Two other shearwater genera are named: Calonectris, which comprises three or four large shearwaters, and Ardenna with another seven species (formerly often included within Puffinus).
Hutton's shearwater (Puffinus huttoni) breeds in burrows on the sea-facing mountainside of the Kaikoura Ranges on South Island, New Zealand. The colonies are 1,200–1,800 m (3,900–5,900 ft) above sea level at a distance of 12–18 km (7.5–11.2 mi) from the coast.
Many shearwaters are long-distance migrants, perhaps most spectacularly sooty shearwaters, which cover distances in excess of 14,000 km (8,700 mi) from their breeding colonies on the Falkland Islands (52°S 60°W) to as far as 70° north latitude in the North Atlantic Ocean off northern Norway, and around New Zealand to as far as 60° north latitude in the North Pacific Ocean off Alaska.
Puffinus lherminieri temptator breeds on Mohéli Island, Comoros Islands; Puffinus persicus, Persian shearwater breeds and ranges in the Arabian Sea and adjacent waters; Puffinus heinrothi, Heinroth's shearwater breeds on New Britain and Solomon Islands; Puffinus atrodorsalis, Mascarene shearwater ranges to southwestern Indian Ocean
Its relationships are unresolved. Its closest relatives are probably, but not certainly, the Hawaiian shearwater (Puffinus newelli) and possibly the Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus) (Austin, 1996; Austin et al., 2004). It formerly contained the former as a subspecies and was long considered a subspecies of the latter.
Shearwaters are medium-sized, long-winged seabirds in three genera (Calonectris, Puffinus, Procellaria) of the family Procellariidae.Those in the genus Procellaria are usually called "petrels", though they are thought to be more closely to the shearwaters than to the other petrels.