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In addition, there are a group of 13th- and early 14th-century weapons sometimes identified with the falchion. These have a falchion-like blade mounted on a wooden shaft 1–2 ft (30–61 cm) long, sometimes ending in a curve like an umbrella. These are seen in numerous illustrations in the mid-13th-century Maciejowski Bible. [6]
Swords can have single or double bladed edges or even edgeless. The blade can be curved or straight. Arming sword; Dagger; Estoc; Falchion; Katana; Knife; Longsword; Messer; Rapier; Sabre or saber (Most sabers belong to the renaissance period, but some sabers can be found in the late medieval period)
Early Arab swords were all straight and mostly double edged (similar to European arming swords blades). Although Turko-Mongol sabres have been found among a Turkic slave of the Samanid Empire, straight swords continued to be more popular outside of certain groups (such as the Seljuks) as that was the traditional style of sword the Muhammad wore. [8]
Types T to Z are pommel shapes used in the late medieval period; T is the "fig" or "pear" or "scent-stopper" shape, first used in the early 14th century, but seen with any frequency only after 1360, with numerous derived forms well into the 16th century. U is a "key-shaped" type used only in the second half of the 15th century.
In the 19th century, models with less curving blades became common and were also used by heavy cavalry. The military sabre was used as a duelling weapon in academic fencing in the 19th century, giving rise to a discipline of modern sabre fencing (introduced in the 1896 Summer Olympics ) loosely based on the characteristics of the historical weapon.
The 14th century lasted from 1 January 1301 (represented by the Roman numerals MCCCI) to 31 December 1400 (MCD). It is estimated that the century witnessed the death of more than 45 million lives from political and natural disasters in both Europe and the Mongol Empire. [1] [2] West Africa experienced economic growth and prosperity.
A bardiche / b ɑːr ˈ d iː ʃ /, berdiche, bardische, bardeche, or berdish is a type of polearm used from the 14th to 17th centuries in Europe. Ultimately a descendant of the medieval sparth axe or Dane axe , the bardiche proper appears around 1400, but there are numerous medieval manuscripts that depict very similar weapons beginning c. 1250.
[17] [18] [19] This type along with the 3b represents the last of the transition forms moving through the 13th and 14th centuries. Modern Type 3d on a Messer hilt. Subtype 3d This is a much shorter type of clip point, [20] [21] which became popular in the 15th century. Sometimes referred to as a ‘cat’s claw’ this type is a more gracile ...