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A conditional sentence expressing an implication (also called a factual conditional sentence) essentially states that if one fact holds, then so does another. (If the sentence is not a declarative sentence, then the consequence may be expressed as an order or a question rather than a statement.)
Prototypical conditional sentences in English are those of the form "If X, then Y". The clause X is referred to as the antecedent (or protasis), while the clause Y is called the consequent (or apodosis). A conditional is understood as expressing its consequent under the temporary hypothetical assumption of its antecedent.
A conditional statement may refer to: A conditional formula in logic and mathematics, which can be interpreted as: Material conditional; Strict conditional; Variably strict conditional; Relevance conditional; A conditional sentence in natural language, including: Indicative conditional; Counterfactual conditional; Biscuit conditional
According to the material conditional analysis, a natural language conditional, a statement of the form "if P then Q", is true whenever its antecedent, P, is false. Since counterfactual conditionals are those whose antecedents are false, this analysis would wrongly predict that all counterfactuals are vacuously true.
Conditional proof, in logic: a proof that asserts a conditional, and proves that the antecedent leads to the consequent; Material conditional, in propositional calculus, or logical calculus in mathematics; Relevance conditional, in relevance logic; Conditional (computer programming), a statement or expression in computer programming languages
If it's sunny tomorrow is a preposition phrase, and within a conditional construction it functions as an adjunct. Where if takes a noun phrase (NP) or adjective phrase (AdjP) complement, the construction is concessive rather than conditional: The ascent was exhilarating, if NP [a challenge]/ AdjP [challenging]). [1]: 737–738
The conditional simple and progressive may also be called the present conditional, while the perfect forms can be called past conditional. For details of the formation of conditional clauses and sentences in English, see English conditional sentences.
A common idiom in Ancient Greek is for the protasis of a conditional clause to be replaced by a relative clause. (For example, "whoever saw it would be amazed" = "if anyone saw it, they would be amazed.") Such sentences are known as "conditional relative clauses", and they follow the same grammar as ordinary conditionals. [77]