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This timeline lists significant discoveries in physics and the laws of nature, including experimental discoveries, theoretical proposals that were confirmed experimentally, and theories that have significantly influenced current thinking in modern physics. Such discoveries are often a multi-step, multi-person process.
Physics was transformed by the discoveries of quantum mechanics, relativity, and atomic theory at the beginning of the 20th century. Physics today may be divided loosely into classical physics and modern physics. Detailed articles on specific topics are available through the Outline of the history of physics.
This timeline includes developments in subfields of condensed matter physics such as theoretical crystallography, solid-state physics, soft matter physics, mesoscopic physics, material physics, low-temperature physics, microscopic theories of magnetism in matter and optical properties of matter and metamaterials.
History of subatomic physics; History of quantum mechanics; History of quantum field theory; History of the molecule; History of thermodynamics; History of chemistry; Golden age of physics; Timeline of cosmological theories; Timeline of particle physics technology
Geometric diagram for Newton's proof of Kepler's second law. 1602-1608 – Galileo Galilei experiments with pendulum motion and inclined planes; deduces his law of free fall; and discovers that projectiles travel along parabolic trajectories.
Entries beginning with "History of " or "List of " are ordered by the rest of their names. (For example: History of special relativity is listed under "S".) For information on how to reorder entries to adhere to this rule, please see this Categorization FAQ entry and/or view the relevant [[Category:...]] tag in one of the reordered entries.
This is a timeline of subatomic particle discoveries, including all particles thus far discovered which appear to be elementary (that is, indivisible) given the best available evidence. It also includes the discovery of composite particles and antiparticles that were of particular historical importance.
4th century BC - Aristotle invents the system of Aristotelian physics, which is later largely disproved; 4th century BC - Babylonian astronomers calculate Jupiter's position using the Trapezoidal rule [1] 260 BC - Archimedes works out the principle of the lever and connects buoyancy to weight