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The saphenous nerve (long or internal saphenous nerve) is the largest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve. It is derived from the lumbar plexus (L3-L4). It is a strictly sensory nerve, and has no motor function. It commences in the proximal (upper) thigh and travels along the adductor canal.
Then, the saphenous nerve and artery and vein of genus descendens exit through the anterior foramen, piercing the vastoadductor intermuscular septum. Finally, the femoral artery and vein exit via the inferior foramen (usually called the hiatus) through the inferior space between the oblique and medial heads of adductor magnus. [4]
The medial cutaneous nerve, before dividing, gives off a few filaments, which pierce the fascia lata, to supply the integument of the medial side of the thigh, accompanying the long saphenous vein. One of these filaments passes through the saphenous opening; a second becomes subcutaneous about the middle of the thigh; a third pierces the fascia ...
Common fibular nerve (blue) - labeled as "peroneal nerve". Also Lateral sural cutaneous nerve. Saphenous nerve (pink), a branch of the femoral nerve. Superficial fibular nerve (yellow) - labeled as "superficial peroneal nerve". Also Medial dorsal cutaneous nerve. Sural nerve (brown). Also Medial sural cutaneous nerve.
It transmits the great saphenous vein and other smaller vessels including the superficial epigastric artery and superficial external pudendal artery, as well as the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve. The fascia cribrosa, which is pierced by the structures passing through the opening, closes the aperture and must be removed to expose it.
Some of the nerve blocks that work by affecting the femoral nerve are the femoral nerve block, the fascia iliac block and the 3-in-1 nerve block. Femoral nerve blocks are very effective. [3] During pelvic surgery and abdominal surgery, the femoral nerve must be identified early on to protect it from iatrogenic nerve injury. [4] The femoral ...
At the lower border of the adductor brevis muscle, the cutaneous branch of anterior division of the obturator nerve communicates with the anterior (medial), cutaneous and saphenous branches of the femoral nerve, forming a kind of plexus. It then descends upon the femoral artery, to which it is finally distributed.
Fracture at the supracondylar area of femur, where the adductor part of the adductor magnus attaches, will most likely cause damage to the femoral artery and may cause impairment of the blood supply to the lower leg. [5] Popliteal artery can also be damaged by the fracture of distal femur. [6]