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Antennae are the primary olfactory sensors of insects [7] and are accordingly well-equipped with a wide variety of sensilla (singular: sensillum). Paired, mobile, and segmented, they are located between the eyes on the forehead. Embryologically, they represent the appendages of the second head segment. [8]
the paraprocts: paired plate-like appendages also derived from the sternum at the side of the tip of the abdomen, often most apparent in certain basal orders such as Odonata; the cerci : a pair of appendages which articulate laterally on segment 11; typically, these are annulated and filamentous but have been modified (e.g. the forceps of ...
A beetle leg. An appendage (or outgrowth) is an external body part or natural prolongation that protrudes from an organism's body such as an arm or a leg. Protrusions from single-celled bacteria and archaea are known as cell-surface appendages or surface appendages.
In addition to this, some placoderms (extinct fish with bony plates) were shown to have a third pair of paired appendages, that had been modified to claspers in males and basal plates in females—a pattern not seen in any other vertebrate group. [8] The Osteostraci (bony armored jawless fish) are generally considered the sister taxon of ...
A similar renovation of an old theory may be found in the developmental programming of chondricthyan gill arches and paired appendages. In 2009, researchers at the University of Chicago demonstrated that there are shared molecular patterning mechanisms in the early development of the chondricthyan gill arch and paired fins. [ 75 ]
In Polychaeta, chaetae are found as bundles on the parapodia, paired appendages on the side of the body. [1] The chaetae are epidermal, extracellular structures, and clearly visible in most polychaetes. They are probably the best-studied structures in these animals. [2] Segments bearing chaetae are called chaetigers. [3]
Crustacean appendages are typically biramous, meaning they are divided into two parts; this includes the second pair of antennae, but not the first, which is usually uniramous, the exception being in the Class Malacostraca where the antennules may be generally biramous or even triramous.
Most external appendages on the spider are attached to the cephalothorax, including the eyes, chelicerae and other mouthparts, pedipalps and legs. Like other arachnids, spiders are unable to chew their food, so they have a mouth part shaped like a short drinking straw that they use to suck up the liquefied insides of their prey.