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Titan is similar to the very early Earth and can provide clues to how life may have arisen on Earth. In 2005, the European Space Agency's Huygens lander acquired some atmospheric and surface measurements on Titan, detecting tholins, [32] which are a mix of various types of hydrocarbons (organic compounds) in the atmosphere and on the surface.
Huygens (/ ˈ h ɔɪ ɡ ən z / HOY-gənz) was an atmospheric entry robotic space probe that landed successfully on Saturn's moon Titan in 2005. Built and operated by the European Space Agency (ESA), launched by NASA, it was part of the Cassini–Huygens mission and became the first spacecraft to land on Titan and the farthest landing from Earth a spacecraft has ever made. [3]
The combined orbiter and probe is the third-largest uncrewed interplanetary spacecraft ever successfully launched, behind the Phobos 1 and 2 Mars probes, as well as being among the most complex. [39] [40] The orbiter had a mass of 2,150 kg (4,740 lb), the probe 350 kg (770 lb) including 30 kg (66 lb) of probe support equipment left on the ...
The size of solid bodies does not include an object's atmosphere. For example, Titan looks bigger than Ganymede, but its solid body is smaller. For the giant planets , the "radius" is defined as the distance from the center at which the atmosphere reaches 1 bar of atmospheric pressure.
Profile of Titan's atmosphere compared to Earth's. Titan is thought to be a prebiotic environment rich in complex organic compounds, [65] [138] but its surface is in a deep freeze at −179 °C (−290.2 °F; 94.1 K) so it is currently understood that life cannot exist on the moon's frigid surface. [139]
Soviet Mars Spacecraft that missed its orbital insertion burn: Solar Orbit: Lost contact 1988: 1988 Europa Clipper: 6,065 kg (13,371 lb) Jupiter and Europa science probe with an ETA in 2030. Solar Orbit on route to Jupiter: In service: 2024– Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer: 5,963 kg (13,146 lb) Jupiter science probe and Ganymede orbiter with an ...
Use of NASA logos, insignia and emblems is restricted per U.S. law 14 CFR 1221.; The NASA website hosts a large number of images from the Soviet/Russian space agency, and other non-American space agencies.
Titan Submarine is a proposed NASA submarine probe that will visit Saturn’s largest moon Titan, and will plausibly explore either Kraken Mare or Ligeia Mare, two of Titan’s largest lakes. The concept was proposed by Steven Oleson, Ralph Lorenz , and Micheal Paul, technical experts at NASA’s Glenn Research Center in Ohio .