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Muromonab-CD3 (brand name Orthoclone OKT3, marketed by Janssen-Cilag) is an immunosuppressant medication given to reduce acute rejection in people with organ transplants. [1] [2] It is a monoclonal antibody targeted at the CD3 receptor, [3] a membrane protein on the surface of T cells.
These drugs act by binding the IL-2a receptor's α chain, preventing the IL-2 induced clonal expansion of activated lymphocytes and shortening their survival. They are used in the prophylaxis of the acute organ rejection after bilateral kidney transplantation, both being similarly effective and with only few side-effects. [citation needed]
Imlifidase, brand name Idefirix, is a medication for the desensitization of highly sensitized adults needing kidney transplantation, but unlikely to receive a compatible transplant. [ 3 ] Imlifidase is a cysteine protease derived from the immunoglobulin G (IgG)‑degrading enzyme of Streptococcus pyogenes . [ 3 ]
[12] [13] Specifically it is used following kidney, heart, and liver transplantation. [13] It can be given by mouth or by injection into a vein. [13] It comes as mycophenolate sodium and mycophenolate mofetil. [13] Common side effects include nausea, infections, and diarrhea. [13]
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) are medications which stimulate the bone marrow to make red blood cells. [1] They are used to treat anemia due to end stage kidney disease, chemotherapy, major surgery, or certain treatments in HIV/AIDS. [1] [2] In these situations they decrease the need for blood transfusions. [2]
Side effects of medications: Immunosuppressive drugs used to prevent rejection can have side effects such as increased risk of infections, diabetes, high blood pressure, osteoporosis, and others. Surgical complications: These can include bleeding, blood clots, and damage to nearby organs during the surgery.
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