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A number of important medical conditions are caused by stones: [citation needed] Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) Can cause hydronephrosis (swollen kidneys) and kidney failure; Can predispose to pyelonephritis (kidney infections) Can progress to urolithiasis; Urolithiasis (urinary bladder stones) Can progress to bladder outlet obstruction
A giant ureteral stone with dimensions of approximately 6 × 5 × 4 cm and weighing 61 grams extracted from the left ureter of a 19-year-old male. A kidney stone can move from the kidney and become lodged inside the ureter, which can block the flow of urine, as well as cause a sharp cramp in the back, side, or lower abdomen. [9]
Kidney stone disease, also known as renal calculus disease, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis, is a crystallopathy where a solid piece of material (renal calculus) develops in the urinary tract. [2] Renal calculi typically form in the kidney and leave the body in the urine stream. [2] A small calculus may pass without causing symptoms. [2]
The renal pelvis is the location of several kinds of kidney cancer and is affected by infection in pyelonephritis. [citation needed] A large "staghorn" kidney stone may block all or part of the renal pelvis. The size of the renal pelvis plays a major role in the grading of hydronephrosis.
The renal calyces (sg. calyx) are conduits in the kidney through which urine passes. The minor calyces form a cup-shaped drain around the apex of the renal pyramids.Urine formed in the kidney passes through a renal papilla at the apex into the minor calyx; four or five minor calyces converge to form a major calyx through which urine passes into the renal pelvis (which in turn drains urine out ...
It is a disease involving the defective transepithelial transport of cystine and dibasic amino acids in the kidney and intestine and is one of many causes of kidney stones. If not treated properly, the disease could cause serious damage to the kidneys and surrounding organs, and in some rare cases death.