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2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (or DDQ) is the chemical reagent with formula C 6 Cl 2 (CN) 2 O 2. This oxidant is useful for the dehydrogenation of alcohols, [3] phenols, [4] and steroid ketones. [5] DDQ decomposes in water, but is stable in aqueous mineral acid. [6]
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The use of protective groups is pervasive but not without criticism. [103] In practical terms their use adds two steps (protection-deprotection sequence) to a synthesis, either or both of which can dramatically lower chemical yield. Crucially, added complexity impedes the use of synthetic total synthesis in drug discovery.
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p-Methoxybenzyl (PMB) is used as a protecting group for alcohols in organic synthesis (4-Methoxybenzylthiol is used to protect thiols). The p -methoxybenzyl group Strong base such as powdered potassium hydroxide or sodium hydride and p -methoxybenzyl halide (chloride or bromide) [ 14 ] [ 15 ]
As a team, they were 1-of-23 from 3-point range (4.3% — yes, four percent). As a team, they committed 10 turnovers, two fewer than their field goals made).
The o-hydroxyphenacyl PPG has been introduced as an alternative with absorption band shifted closer towards the visible region, however it has slightly lower quantum yields of deprotection (generally 0.1-0.3) due to excited state proton transfer available as an alternative deactivation pathway. [29]
To a stirred solution of p-(3-hydroxypropyl)phenol (152 mg, 1 mmol) and pyridine (0.3 mL) in acetonitrile (10 mL) at 0° was added a solution of IBTA (430 mg, 1 mmol) in acetonitrile (2 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes, diluted with water, and extracted with diethyl ether (3 × 10 mL).