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Next, the upper control limit (UCL) and lower control limit (LCL) for the individual values (or upper and lower natural process limits) are calculated by adding or subtracting 2.66 times the average moving range to the process average: = ¯ + ¯.
The importance of knowing the natural process variation becomes clear when we apply statistical process control. In a stable process, the mean is on target; in the example, the target is the filling, set to 1 litre. The variation within the upper and lower control limits (UCL and LCL) is considered the natural variation of the process.
Control charts are graphical plots used in production control to determine whether quality and manufacturing processes are being controlled under stable conditions. (ISO 7870-1) [1] The hourly status is arranged on the graph, and the occurrence of abnormalities is judged based on the presence of data that differs from the conventional trend or deviates from the control limit line.
The control limits are set at three standard deviations on either side of the process mean, and are known as the upper control limit (UCL) and lower control limit (LCL) respectively. [2] If the process data plotted on the control chart remains within the control limits over an extended period, then the process is said to be stable. [2] [3]
A control chart is a more specific kind of run chart. The control chart is one of the seven basic tools of quality control, which also include the histogram, pareto chart, check sheet, cause and effect diagram, flowchart and scatter diagram. Control charts prevent unnecessary process adjustments, provide information about process capability ...
A more sophisticated SPC chart may include "control limit" & "spec limit" % lines to indicate whether/what action should be taken. Statistical process control (SPC) or statistical quality control (SQC) is the application of statistical methods to monitor and control the quality of a production process. This helps to ensure that the process ...
The term is most often used in the context of bioburden testing, also known as microbial limit testing, which is performed on pharmaceutical products and medical products for quality control purposes. Products or components used in the pharmaceutical or medical field require control of microbial levels during processing and handling. Bioburden ...
Closely related terms are the rejectable quality limit and rejectable quality level (RQL). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In a quality control procedure, a process is said to be at an acceptable quality level if the appropriate statistic used to construct a control chart does not fall outside the bounds of the acceptable quality limits.