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Modulating the pyrimidine metabolism pharmacologically has therapeutical uses, and could implement in cancer treatment. [ 10 ] Pyrimidine synthesis inhibitors are used in active moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis , as well as in multiple sclerosis .
Pyrimidine (C 4 H 4 N 2; / p ɪ ˈ r ɪ. m ɪ ˌ d iː n, p aɪ ˈ r ɪ. m ɪ ˌ d iː n /) is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound similar to pyridine (C 5 H 5 N). [3] One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring.
Leflunomide, sold under the brand name Arava among others, is an immunosuppressive disease-modifying antirheumatic drug , [8] used in active moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. It is a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor that works by inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. [9] Bottle of Leflunomide (Arava) and tablet
Pyrimidine analogues are antimetabolites which mimic the structure of metabolic pyrimidines. Examples. Nucleobase analogues. Fluorouracil (5FU), ...
Fluorouracil has been given systemically for anal, breast, colorectal, oesophageal, stomach, pancreatic and skin cancers (especially head and neck cancers). [12] It has also been given topically (on the skin) for actinic keratoses, skin cancers and Bowen's disease [12] (a type of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma), and as eye drops for treatment of ocular surface squamous neoplasia. [13]
pyrimidine analogues – mimic the structure of metabolic pyrimidines, the smaller bases incorporated into DNA as cytosine and thymine. Examples: 5-Fluorouracil, Gemcitabine, and Cytarabine; nucleoside analogues – nucleoside alternatives that consist of a nucleic acid analogue and a sugar. This means these are the same bases as above, but ...
Fluoropyrimidines are a general class organic compounds in which the substituent(s) around a pyrimidine ring include at least one fluorine atom. The term "fluoropyrimidines" is often used more specifically to refer to the subset of this class that are antimetabolites and are used as anticancer medications, which include: Capecitabine; Carmofur ...
Floxuridine is a pyrimidine analog that acts as an inhibitor of the S-phase of cell division. This selectively kills rapidly dividing cells. Antimetabolites masquerade as pyrimidine-like molecules which prevents normal pyrimidines from being incorporated into DNA during the S phase of the cell cycle.