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K-Factors have also previously been calculated and published using the United States customary units of pound per square inch (psi) and gallon per minute (gpm). Within the United States, US measurements are still often used instead of metric. [3] [4]
External access point for fire sprinkler and dry standpipe at a building in San Francisco, US Antique wet standpipe preserved at Edison and Ford Winter Estates. A standpipe or riser is a type of rigid water piping which is built into multi-story buildings in a vertical position, or into bridges in a horizontal position, to which fire hoses can be connected, allowing manual application of water ...
Adapter used to attach a smaller diameter source hose to a larger diameter receiving hose. Indian pump (aka Indian tank) A brand of five-gallon water can, or back-pack bladder, featuring a short hose and hand pump for use in wildland firefighting. Intake Part of pump where water enters when pump forms partial vacuum. In-line eductor
Example Number 1: A tank with a liquid level 2 metres above the pump intake, plus the atmospheric pressure of 10 metres, minus a 2 metre friction loss into the pump (say for pipe & valve loss), minus the NPSH R curve (say 2.5 metres) of the pre-designed pump (see the manufacturers curve) = an NPSH A (available) of 7.5 metres. (not forgetting ...
This class of pump is often called a "hose pump". The biggest advantage with the hose pumps over the roller pumps is the high operating pressure of up to 16 bar. With rollers, max pressure can arrive up to 12 bar (170 psi) without any problem. If the high operating pressure is not required, a tubing pump is a better option than a hose pump if ...
In the United States, NFPA 1901 requires engines to have suction hose that matches the engine's pump rating. [12] For example, an engine with a 1,000-US-gallon (3,800 L) per minute pump is required to carry 5-inch (13 cm) or larger hose, [1]: 181 while a wildland fire engine will typically carry 2-to-2.5-inch (5.1 to 6.4 cm) hard suction hose.
Different types of pumps are suitable for different applications, for example: a pump's maximum lift height also determines the applications it can be used for. Low-lift pumps are only suitable for the pumping of surface water (e.g., irrigation, drainage of lands, ...), while high-lift pumps allow deep water pumping (e.g., potable water pumping ...
The Type 4 engine trades a smaller pump and less hose for a 50% larger tank. It is required to carry a minimum of 750 US gallons (2,800 L; 620 imp gal) of water, but only pump 50 US gallons per minute (3.2 litres per second; 42 imperial gallons per minute) at a pressure of 100 pounds per square inch (690 kPa). [5]