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Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), also known as surface potential microscopy, is a noncontact variant of atomic force microscopy (AFM). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] By raster scanning in the x,y plane the work function of the sample can be locally mapped for correlation with sample features.
The colloidal probe technique is commonly used to measure interaction forces acting between colloidal particles and/or planar surfaces in air or in solution. This technique relies on the use of an atomic force microscope (AFM). However, instead of a cantilever with a sharp AFM tip, one uses the colloidal probe. The colloidal probe consists of a ...
An atomic force microscope on the left with controlling computer on the right. Atomic force microscopy [1] (AFM) gathers information by "feeling" or "touching" the surface with a mechanical probe. Piezoelectric elements that facilitate tiny but accurate and precise movements on (electronic) command enable precise scanning.
Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a branch of microscopy that forms images of surfaces using a physical probe that scans the specimen. SPM was founded in 1981, with the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope , an instrument for imaging surfaces at the atomic level.
Atomic force microscopy is an interaction between a tip attached to a flexible cantilever and the molecule on a cell surface. The sharp tip can be used to probe single molecular events and image live cells. [8] The relative deformation of the cell and the tip can be used to estimate how much force was applied and how stiff the cell is.
As stated earlier, the force resolution of CFM does allow one to probe individual bonds of even the weakest variety, but tip curvature typically prevents this. Using Eq 2, a radius of curvature R {\displaystyle R} < 10 nm has been determined as the requirement to conduct tensile testing of individual linear moieties.
Piezoresponse force microscopy is a technique which since its inception and first implementation by Güthner and Dransfeld [1] has steadily attracted more and more interest. This is due in large part to the many benefits and few drawbacks that PFM offers researchers in varying fields from ferroelectrics, semiconductors and even biology. [2]
Fluidic force microscopy (FluidFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy, and is typically used on a standard inverted light microscope. The unique characteristic of FluidFM is that it introduces microscopic channels into AFM probes. Those channels can have an aperture of less than 300 nm, or 500 times thinner than a human hair.