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The Queen's Gambit Declined (or QGD) is a chess opening in which Black declines a pawn offered by White in the Queen's Gambit: 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6. This is known as the Orthodox Line of the Queen's Gambit Declined. [1] When the "Queen's Gambit Declined" is mentioned, it is usually assumed to be referring to the Orthodox Line; see "Other lines" below.
In chess, the Cambridge Springs Defense (or less commonly, the Pillsbury Variation) is a variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined that begins with the moves: 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. Nf3 c6 6. e3 Qa5
The Tarrasch Defense is a chess opening characterized by the moves: . 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 c5. The Tarrasch is a variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined.. Black's third move is an aggressive bid for central space.
Like White's move, Black's move is non-committal as to opening. 2.d4 is identical to 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 (see Queen's Pawn Game). 2.c4 is a common start for the English Opening or it may be brought back to the Queen's Gambit Declined 2.g3 is a common start for the King's Indian Attack.
The Baltic is an unusual variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined (QGD). In most defenses to the QGD, Black has difficulties developing his queen bishop. This opening takes a radical approach to the problem by bringing out the queen bishop immediately, but exposes it to the latent threat of e2-e4, for example 3. cxd5 Qxd5? 4. Nc3 Qa5 5.
The Bogo-Indian Defence is named after the Russian-born German master Efim Bogoljubow who is believed to have originated the opening and played it regularly in the 1920s. . Subsequent prominent players to have adopted the Bogo-Indian include Aron Nimzowitsch, Paul Keres, Tigran Petrosian, Bent Larsen, Vasily Smyslov, Viktor Korchnoi, Ulf Andersson, Michael Adams and Nikita Vitiug
White thinks that, because the black knight on f6 is pinned to the queen, it cannot be moved. 6... Nxd5! 7. Bxd8 Bb4+ (second diagram) Black regains the queen as White has only one legal move to get out of check. 8. Qd2 Bxd2+ Harrwitz played the equally good 8...Kxd8, intending 9...Bxd2+. 9. Kxd2 Kxd8. Black comes out a minor piece ahead.
The Slav Defense is a chess opening that begins with the moves: . 1. d4 d5 2. c4 c6. The Slav is one of the primary defenses to the Queen's Gambit.Although it was analyzed as early as 1590, it was not until the 1920s that it started to be explored extensively, although Steinitz essayed it in the first official World Chess Championship of 1886.