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Much research has been done into the use of a rat model to show how Borna virus infection, [17] [18] exposure to valproic acid in utero, [19] and maternal immune activation [20] may cause autism. Another goal of the use of rodent models to study autism is to identify the mechanism by which autism develops in humans. [ 1 ]
The underconnectivity theory of autism posits that autistic people tend to have fewer high-level neural connections and less global synchronization, along with an excess of low-level processes. [31] Functional connectivity studies have found both hypo- and hyperconnectivity in brains of autistic people. [ 32 ]
Walter Pitts (right) with Jerome Lettvin, co-author of the cognitive science paper "What the Frog's Eye Tells the Frog's Brain" (1959). Walter Harry Pitts, Jr. (April 23, 1923 – May 14, 1969) was an American logician who worked in the field of computational neuroscience. [1]
This theory states that the brains of autistic people have an excess of excitatory brain activity, but not enough inhibitory signals to counterbalance. As a result, the neurons in brains of autistic people fire at a higher rate than normal, which leads to further motor disabilities, sensory issues, and additional autism traits.
Research using an animal model of obsessive-compulsive disorder employed a standardized paradigm where the behavior of rats in a large open field was video recorded for 55 min on each test. Rat Macroscopic Video Obsessive-compulsive disorder No [2] Allen Brain Atlas: Atlas, stained sections from brains showing development and gene expression
The etiology of autism may include excessive glutamatergic mechanisms. In small studies, memantine has been shown to significantly improve language function and social behavior in children with autism. [57] [58] Research is underway on the effects of memantine in adults with autism spectrum disorders. [59]
The IACC Strategic Plan was designed to detail research opportunities centered on the six most pressing questions facing those affected by autism and links them to specific research efforts. In 2009, the plan was finalized and submitted to the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services; a seventh question related to infrastructure ...
Richard Davidson and his collaborators have used rhesus monkeys as models of human neurophysiology and emotional response since 1992 when he and fellow UW–Madison researchers Ned H. Kalin and Steven E. Shelton published “Lateralized effects of diazepam on frontal brain electrical asymmetries in rhesus monkeys.” [9] In 2004 the same group ...