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The underconnectivity theory of autism posits that autistic people tend to have fewer high-level neural connections and less global synchronization, along with an excess of low-level processes. [31] Functional connectivity studies have found both hypo- and hyperconnectivity in brains of autistic people. [ 32 ]
Jacqueline N. Crawley (née Lerner) is an American behavioral neuroscientist and an expert on rodent behavioral analysis. [1] Since July 2012, she is the Robert E. Chason Chair in Translational Research in the MIND Institute and professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the University of California, Davis School of Medicine in Sacramento. [2]
Much research has been done into the use of a rat model to show how Borna virus infection, [17] [18] exposure to valproic acid in utero, [19] and maternal immune activation [20] may cause autism. Another goal of the use of rodent models to study autism is to identify the mechanism by which autism develops in humans. [ 1 ]
The most current model illustrating MECP2 is known as the transcriptional activator model. Another potential molecular convergence involves the early growth response gene-2 (EGR2). [ 60 ] EGR2 is the only gene in the EGR family that is restricted to the central nervous system and is involved in cerebral development and synaptic plasticity . [ 60 ]
In 2002, the American neuroscientist P. Read Montague [4] articulated the need to examine the neural activity of multiple individuals at one time. To this point, Montague and his colleagues wrote, "Studying social interactions by scanning the brain of just one person is analogous to studying synapses while observing either the presynaptic neuron or the postsynaptic neuron, but never both ...
The IACC Strategic Plan was designed to detail research opportunities centered on the six most pressing questions facing those affected by autism and links them to specific research efforts. In 2009, the plan was finalized and submitted to the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services; a seventh question related to infrastructure ...
To probe insular neural circuits, Gogolla and her lab use in vivo two-photon calcium imaging to record neural activity while mice are processing emotionally relevant stimuli, and they further use innovative behavioral assays, optogenetic techniques, and machine learning algorithms to link neural activity to behavior, manipulate neural circuits ...
This research has included neural models of vision and image processing; object, scene, and event learning, pattern recognition, and search; audition, speech and language; cognitive information processing and planning; reinforcement learning and cognitive-emotional interactions; autonomous navigation; adaptive sensory-motor control and robotics ...