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The coefficient of performance or COP (sometimes CP or CoP) of a heat pump, refrigerator or air conditioning system is a ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to work (energy) required. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Higher COPs equate to higher efficiency, lower energy (power) consumption and thus lower operating costs.
Power Quality Analyzers, often referred to as Power Analyzers, make a digital recording of the voltage and current waveform (typically either one phase or three phase) and accurately calculate true power (watts), apparent power (VA) power factor, AC voltage, AC current, DC voltage, DC current, frequency, IEC61000-3-2/3-12 Harmonic measurement ...
Where is the measured power in on mode in Watts in the normal configuration, and is a correction factor used for digital signage. For example, a television with a diagonal length of 82 cm has a screen area of A = 28.7 dm 2 and a reference power consumption of 38W. The energy classes are as in the table below.
In electrical engineering the load factor is defined as the average load divided by the peak load in a specified time period. [1] It is a measure of the utilization rate, or efficiency of electrical energy usage; a high load factor indicates that load is using the electric system more efficiently, whereas consumers or generators that underutilize the electric distribution will have a low load ...
A capacitive load bank or capacitor bank is similar to an inductive load bank in rating and purpose, except leading power factor loads are created, so reactive power is supplied from these loads to the system instead of vice versa. Hence for a mostly inductive load this can bring the power factor closer to unity improving the quality of supply.
Efficiency of power plants, world total, 2008 Energy conversion efficiency ( η ) is the ratio between the useful output of an energy conversion machine and the input, in energy terms. The input, as well as the useful output may be chemical , electric power , mechanical work , light (radiation), or heat .
Common absorption refrigerators use a refrigerant with a very low boiling point (less than −18 °C (0 °F)) just like compressor refrigerators.Compression refrigerators typically use an HCFC or HFC, while absorption refrigerators typically use ammonia or water and need at least a second fluid able to absorb the coolant, the absorbent, respectively water (for ammonia) or brine (for water).
That means that, to reduce the temperature by a factor 2, one needs to increase the diameter by a factor of 8 and the length by a factor of 256. Hence the volume should be increased by a factor of 2 14 = 16,384. In other words: every cm 3 at 2 mK would become 16,384 cm 3 at 1 mK. The machines would become very big and very expensive.