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These acts are quasi-constitutional laws that override ordinary laws as well as regulations, contracts and collective agreements. [79] They are typically enforced by human rights commissions and tribunals through a complaint investigation, conciliation and arbitration process that is slow, but free, and includes protection against retaliation.
Canadian lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer rights are some of the most extensive in the world. [5] [6] [7] Same-sex sexual activity, in private between consenting adults, was decriminalized in Canada on June 27, 1969, when the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1968–69 (also known as Bill C-150) was brought into force upon royal assent. [1]
The law is the most recent iteration of several proposed bills introduced to previous parliaments. In 2005, New Democratic Party member of Parliament Bill Siksay introduced a bill in the House of Commons to explicitly add "gender identity or expression" as prohibited grounds of discrimination in the Canadian Human Rights Act .
Under the heading of "Equality Rights" this section states: 15. (1) Every individual is equal before and under the law and has the right to the equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination and, in particular, without discrimination based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, sex, age or mental or physical disability.
They specialize in trans law and bioethics. They have numerous academic publications, including a book on the law and policy of banning transgender conversion practices. [3] Florence served as the first openly transfeminine clerk at the Supreme Court of Canada. [2] They are a winner of the Canadian Bar Association SOGIC Hero Award. [4]
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The support of binary sexual preference and identification is attributed to the cis-normative and hetero-normative approaches to sexuality that are entrenched in the social system in Canada. [15] Despite the first publicly recorded bisexual refugee case in Canada in 2000, the number of bisexual refugees has decreased over the last twenty years.
A trans woman can be registered, not only as female, but also as being "born as a woman". [156] While same-sex marriage is not approved by South Korean law, [157] a transsexual woman obtains the marital status of 'female' automatically when she marries to a man, even if she has previously been designated as "male". [citation needed]