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Pyridine is colorless, but older or impure samples can appear yellow, due to the formation of extended, unsaturated polymeric chains, which show significant electrical conductivity. [page needed] [17] The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins.
Pyridine, the parent compound of the pyridine alkaloids. Pyridine alkaloids are a class of alkaloids , nitrogen-containing chemical compounds widely found in plants, that contain a pyridine ring. Examples include nicotine and anabasine which are found in plants of the genus Nicotiana including tobacco .
Isoquinoline and quinoline are benzopyridines, which are composed of a benzene ring fused to a pyridine ring. In a broader sense, the term isoquinoline is used to make reference to isoquinoline derivatives. 1-Benzylisoquinoline is the structural backbone in many naturally occurring alkaloids such as papaverine.
A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a cyclic compound that has atoms of at least two different elements as members of its ring(s). [1] Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles .
Simple aromatic rings can be heterocyclic if they contain non-carbon ring atoms, for example, oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. They can be monocyclic as in benzene, bicyclic as in naphthalene, or polycyclic as in anthracene. Simple monocyclic aromatic rings are usually five-membered rings like pyrrole or six-membered rings like pyridine.
Typical examples of basic aromatic rings are pyridine or quinoline. Several rings contain basic as well as non-basic nitrogen atoms, e.g. imidazole and purine. In non-basic aromatic rings the lone pair of electrons of the nitrogen atom is delocalized and contributes to the aromatic pi electron system.
The structure of nicotinamide consists of a pyridine ring to which a primary amide group is attached in the meta position. It is an amide of nicotinic acid . [ 7 ] As an aromatic compound , it undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions and transformations of its two functional groups .
β-Carbolines belong to the group of indole alkaloids and consist of a pyridine ring that is fused to an indole skeleton. [27] The structure of β-carboline is similar to that of tryptamine , with the ethylamine chain re-connected to the indole ring via an extra carbon atom, to produce a three-ringed structure.