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The history of Guatemala traces back to the Maya civilization (2600 BC – 1697 AD), with the country's modern history beginning with the Spanish conquest of Guatemala in 1524. By 1000 AD, most of the major Classic-era (250–900 AD) Maya cities in the Petén Basin , located in the northern lowlands, had been abandoned.
Panchoy – Antigua Guatemala In 1543, Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala was once again refounded, this time at Panchoy. The new city survived as the capital of colonial Guatemala through the rest of the 16th century, the 17th century, and most of the 18th century, until it was severely damaged by the 1773 Guatemala earthquake.
The Guatemalan genocide, also referred to as the Maya genocide, [3] or the Silent Holocaust [7] (Spanish: Genocidio guatemalteco, Genocidio maya, or Holocausto silencioso), was the mass killing of the Maya Indigenous people during the Guatemalan Civil War (1960–1996) by successive Guatemalan military governments that first took power following the CIA instigated 1954 Guatemalan coup d'état.
García Peláez was born in San Juan Sacatepéquez to a modest Ladino family. [4] Despite their limited resources, his family ensured he received an strong education. [5] He was introduced to the study of Latin language by his paternal uncle, Don Domingo Garcia de Salas, [6] and entered the priesthood during the early years of the independence movement and aligned himself with liberal ideals. [7]
This served to de-legitimize Mexican actions during the previous two years and separate Central America as a political entity. Further, a Republican system of government was established under a unitary system. Though Guatemala would attempt to unify the provinces of Central America with its adoption of federalism, regional divisions endured. [4]
Charles Borromeo or San Carlos Borromeo, 16th century archbishop and cardinal; Saint Charles of Sezze, an Italian professed religious from the Order of Friars Minor; Rumsen people, or San Carlos Costanoan, a group of the Ohlone indigenous people of California
1957 – National Library of Guatemala new building opens. 1966 – Del Valle University of Guatemala founded. 1971 – Francisco Marroquin University founded. 1973 – Population: 706,920. [9] 1975 – Museo Nacional de Arte Moderno "Carlos Mérida" established. 1976 – February 4: 1976 Guatemala earthquake. 1978 – National Theatre opens.
The Tragic Week of 1920 was a civil uprising that took place in Guatemala in the week of April 8 to April 14, 1920, led by Unionist Party leaders, student leaders and those who opposed President Manuel Estrada Cabrera when the latter refused to leave office after the National Assembly declared him mentally incompetent for the presidency and named Carlos Herrera as interim president.