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A 2023 scoping review of the literature found that in studies conducted in multiracial or multiethnic populations, the inclusion of race or ethnicity variables lacked thoughtful conceptualization and informative analysis regarding race or ethnicity as indicators of exposure to racialized social disadvantage, the systemic and structural barriers ...
The FBISE was established under the FBISE Act 1975. [2] It is an autonomous body of working under the Ministry of Federal Education and Professional Training. [3] The official website of FBISE was launched on June 7, 2001, and was inaugurated by Mrs. Zobaida Jalal, the Minister for Education [4] The first-ever online result of FBISE was announced on 18 August 2001. [5]
Demographic changes can have broad effects on the health of ethnic groups. Cities in the United States have undergone major social transitions during the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. Notable factors in these shifts have been sustained rates of black poverty and intensified racial segregation, often as a result of redlining. [62]
The racial achievement gap in the United States refers to disparities in educational achievement between differing ethnic/racial groups. [1] It manifests itself in a variety of ways: African-American and Hispanic students are more likely to earn lower grades, score lower on standardized tests, drop out of high school, and they are less likely to enter and complete college than whites, while ...
The sociology of race and ethnic relations is the study of social, political, and economic relations between races and ethnicities at all levels of society. This area encompasses the study of systemic racism , like residential segregation and other complex social processes between different racial and ethnic groups.
Health is a basic human right and human need, and all human rights are interconnected. Thus, health must be discussed along with all other basic human rights. [6] Health equity is defined by the CDC as "the state in which everyone has a fair and just opportunity to attain their highest level of health". [7]
Cultural socialization is the mode by which parents of ethnic children communicate cultural values and history to address ethnic and racial issues. [4] Research has consistently linked cultural socialization with positive psycho-social outcomes such as a decrease in anxiety, anger, depressive symptoms, and overall psychological distress as a result of facing discrimination. [4]
Ethnicity & Health is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering the relationship between ethnicity and health. It publishes papers pertaining to this topic in numerous different disciplines, including epidemiology, public health, medicine, and the social sciences. The editor-in-chief is Tamara A. Baker (University of Kansas).