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Interferometry is a technique which uses the interference of superimposed waves to extract information. [1] Interferometry typically uses electromagnetic waves and is an important investigative technique in the fields of astronomy, fiber optics, engineering metrology, optical metrology, oceanography, seismology, spectroscopy (and its ...
Rayleigh interferometer at the National Bureau of Standards. In optics, a Rayleigh interferometer is a type of interferometer which employs two beams of light from a single source.
A simple two-element optical interferometer. Light from two small telescopes (shown as lenses) is combined using beam splitters at detectors 1, 2, 3 and 4. The elements create a 1/4 wave delay in the light, allowing the phase and amplitude of the interference visibility to be measured, thus giving information about the shape of the light source.
When using interferometry, a complex system of mirrors brings the light from the different telescopes to the astronomical instruments where it is combined and processed. This is technically demanding as the light paths must be kept equal to within 1/1000 mm (the same order as the wavelength of light) over distances of a few hundred metres.
[1] The Infrared interferometer spectrometer holds two functions as it can act as a thermometer and/or spectrometer . The thermometer allows for the observance and measurement of heat energy emitting from an object, and the spectrometer enables the identification of various elements, molecules, and compounds which may be present in an ...
As shown in Fig. 3a and 3b, the observer has a direct view of mirror M 1 seen through the beam splitter, and sees a reflected image M' 2 of mirror M 2. The fringes can be interpreted as the result of interference between light coming from the two virtual images S' 1 and S' 2 of the original source S. The characteristics of the interference ...
Lateral shearing interferometry is a self-referencing method of wavefront sensing. Instead of comparing a wavefront with a separate path reference wavefront, lateral shearing interferometry interferes a wavefront with a shifted version of itself. As a result, it is sensitive to the slope of a wavefront, not the wavefront shape per se. The ...
[1] [2] [3] Etalon is from the French étalon, meaning "measuring gauge" or "standard". [4] Etalons are widely used in telecommunications, lasers and spectroscopy to control and measure the wavelengths of light. Recent advances in fabrication technique allow the creation of very precise tunable Fabry–Pérot interferometers.