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The scarab beetle subfamily Scarabaeinae consists of species collectively called true dung beetles (there are also dung beetles in other subfamilies and families). Most of the beetles of this subfamily feed exclusively on dung. However, some may feed on decomposing matter including carrion, decaying fruits and fungi.
A scarab beetle grub from Australia. The C-shaped larvae , called grubs, are pale yellow or white. Most adult beetles are nocturnal, although the flower chafers ( Cetoniinae ) and many leaf chafers ( Rutelinae ) are active during the day.
Hybosorinae is a subfamily of scavenger scarab beetles in the family Hybosoridae. There is at least one extant genus, Hybosorus , in Hybosorinae, and several extinct genera. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Hybosoridae, sometimes known as the scavenger scarab beetles, is a family of scarabaeiform beetles. The >600 species in 78 extant genera occur widely in the tropics, but little is known of their biology. Hybosorids are small, 5–7 mm in length and oval in shape. Color ranges from a glossy light brown to black.
Peltotrupes youngi, known generally as Young's deep digger scarab, is a species of earth-boring scarab beetle in the family Geotrupidae. Other common names include the ocala burrowing scarab and ocala deep digger scarab beetle. [1] [2] [3] It is endemic to Florida scrubs in Marion and Putnam counties in Florida. [4]
A "scarabaeus" is also a now outdated term (OED 2) for an object in the form of a scarab beetle in art. The scarab was a popular form of amulet in Ancient Egypt, [3] and in ancient Greek art engraved gems were often carved as scarabs on the rest of the stone behind the main flattish face, which was used for sealing documents. [4]
Phanaeus, the rainbow scarabs, [1] is a genus of true dung beetles in the family Scarabaeidae (scarab beetles), ranging from the United States to northern Argentina, with the highest species richness in Mexico. [2] [3] Depending on species, they can inhabit a wide range of habitats, from tropical to temperate climates and deserts to rainforests.
The scarab remains an item of popular interest thanks to modern fascination with the art and beliefs of ancient Egypt. Scarab beads in semiprecious stones or glazed ceramics can be purchased at most bead shops, while at Luxor Temple a massive ancient scarab has been roped off to discourage visitors from rubbing the base of the statue "for luck".