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The Border Peace and Tranquility Agreement (BPTA or MPTA; formally the Agreement on the Maintenance of Peace and Tranquility along the Line of Actual Control in the India–China Border Areas) is an agreement signed by China and India in September 1993, agreeing to maintain the status quo on their mutual border pending an eventual boundary settlement. [1]
The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi meeting the President of the People's Republic of China, Mr. Xi Jinping, in Wuhan, China on April 27, 2018 China and India have historically maintained peaceful relations for thousands of years of recorded history, but the harmony of their relationship has varied in modern times, after the Chinese Communist Party's victory in the Chinese Civil War in 1949 ...
The China–India border, showing two large disputed areas in Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh and several smaller disputes (a map by the CIA). The Special Representative mechanism on the India–China boundary question (SR/SRM) was constituted in 2003 to "explore from the political perspective of the overall bilateral relationship the framework of a boundary settlement".
China–India border, showing two large disputed areas in Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh and several smaller disputes (map by CIA). The Special Representative mechanism on the India-China boundary question (SR/SRM) was constituted in 2003 to "explore from the political perspective of the overall bilateral relationship the framework of a boundary settlement".
China proposed the BDCA as early as the 5th India-China annual defence dialogue (ADD) in January 2013. [8] The following months saw negotiations and counter-proposals by India. [8] [9] In April 2013, India reported a Chinese PLA incursion at the mouth of Depsang Bulge near the Line of Actual Control in eastern Ladakh.
From 1917 to 1933, the "Postal Atlas of China", published by the Government of China in Peking had shown the boundary in Aksai Chin as per the Johnson line, which runs along the Kunlun Mountains. [ 17 ] [ 20 ] The "Peking University Atlas", published in 1925, also put the Aksai Chin in India.
In 1993, India and China agreed to respect of the 'Line of Actual Control' in a bilateral agreement, without demarcating the line itself. [ 11 ] In a letter dated 7 November 1959, Zhou proposed to Nehru that the armed forces of the two sides should withdraw 20 kilometres from the so-called McMahon Line in the east and "the line up to which each ...
The China–India border, showing two large disputed areas in Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh and several smaller disputes (a map by the CIA). The Working Mechanism for Consultation and Coordination on India–China Border Affairs (WMCC) was set up through an India–China agreement in January 2012 for improved institutionalised information exchange on border related issues.