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  2. Gaia hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaia_hypothesis

    The Gaia hypothesis (/ ˈ ɡ aɪ. ə /), also known as the Gaia theory, Gaia paradigm, or the Gaia principle, proposes that living organisms interact with their inorganic surroundings on Earth to form a synergistic and self-regulating complex system that helps to maintain and perpetuate the conditions for life on the planet.

  3. Anthropic principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropic_principle

    The principle was formulated as a response to a series of observations that the laws of nature and parameters of the universe have values that are consistent with conditions for life as it is known rather than values that would not be consistent with life on Earth. The anthropic principle states that this is an a posteriori necessity, because ...

  4. Gaia philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaia_philosophy

    Gaia philosophy (named after Gaia, Greek goddess of the Earth) is a broadly inclusive term for relating concepts about, humanity as an effect of the life of this planet.. The Gaia hypothesis holds that all organisms on a life-giving planet regulate the biosphere in such a way as to promote its habitability.

  5. Copernican principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copernican_principle

    Michael Rowan-Robinson emphasizes the Copernican principle as the threshold test for modern thought, asserting that: "It is evident that in the post-Copernican era of human history, no well-informed and rational person can imagine that the Earth occupies a unique position in the universe." [7]

  6. Conscience - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conscience

    Conscience in this sense is not necessarily the product of a process of rational consideration of the moral features of a situation (or the applicable normative principles, rules or laws) and can arise from parental, peer group, religious, state or corporate indoctrination, which may or may not be presently consciously acceptable to the person ...

  7. Hylozoism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hylozoism

    Sphera volgare, featuring the Sun, the Moon, the winds and the stars as living. Woodcut illustration from an edition of De sphaera mundi, Venice, 1537.. Hylozoism is the philosophical doctrine according to which all matter is alive or animated, [clarification needed] [1] either in itself or as participating in the action of a superior principle, usually the world-soul (anima mundi). [2]

  8. Common heritage of humanity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_heritage_of_humanity

    Earthrise, photographed during an orbit of the Moon by William Anders during the 1968 Apollo 8 mission. Common heritage of humanity (also termed the common heritage of mankind, common heritage of humankind or common heritage principle) is a principle of international law that holds the defined territorial areas and elements of humanity's common heritage (cultural and natural) should be held in ...

  9. Moral foundations theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_foundations_theory

    Invoking the notion of preparedness, Haidt and Joseph claimed that each of the ethics formed a cognitive module, whose development was shaped by culture. [ 1 ] [ 20 ] They wrote that each module could "provide little more than flashes of affect when certain patterns are encountered in the social world", while a cultural learning process shaped ...