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  2. Pascal's calculator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal's_calculator

    Pascal's calculator (also known as the arithmetic machine or Pascaline) is a mechanical calculator invented by Blaise Pascal in 1642. Pascal was led to develop a calculator by the laborious arithmetical calculations required by his father's work as the supervisor of taxes in Rouen. [2] He designed the machine to add and subtract two numbers ...

  3. Mechanical calculator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_calculator

    The 17th century marked the beginning of the history of mechanical calculators, as it saw the invention of its first machines, including Pascal's calculator, in 1642. [ 4 ] [ 16 ] Blaise Pascal had invented a machine which he presented as being able to perform computations that were previously thought to be only humanly possible.

  4. Blaise Pascal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blaise_Pascal

    In 1642, he started some pioneering work on calculating machines (called Pascal's calculators and later Pascalines), establishing him as one of the first two inventors of the mechanical calculator. [8] [9] Like his contemporary René Descartes, Pascal was also a pioneer in the natural and applied sciences.

  5. History of computing hardware - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_computing_hardware

    Pascal invented his machine in 1642. In 1642, while still a teenager, Blaise Pascal started some pioneering work on calculating machines and after three years of effort and 50 prototypes [18] he invented a mechanical calculator. [19] [20] He built twenty of these machines (called Pascal's calculator or Pascaline) in the following ten years. [21]

  6. Wilhelm Schickard - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Schickard

    Wilhelm Schickard. Wilhelmus Schickart (painted 1632) Wilhelm Schickard is holding a hand planetarium (or orrery) of his own invention. It was painted in 1632, 8 years after his last calculating clock drawing. Wilhelm Schickard (22 April 1592 – 24 October 1635) was a German professor of Hebrew and astronomy who became famous in the second ...

  7. Calculator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculator

    The Arithmometer, invented in 1820 as a four-operation mechanical calculator, was released to production in 1851 as an adding machine and became the first commercially successful unit; forty years later, by 1890, about 2,500 arithmometers had been sold [16] plus a few hundreds more from two arithmometer clone makers (Burkhardt, Germany, 1878 ...

  8. Stepped reckoner - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepped_reckoner

    The stepped reckoner or Leibniz calculator was a mechanical calculator invented by the German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (started in 1673, when he presented a wooden model to the Royal Society of London [2] and completed in 1694). [1] The name comes from the translation of the German term for its operating mechanism, Staffelwalze ...

  9. Mechanical computer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_computer

    Pascaline, 1642 – Blaise Pascal's arithmetic machine primarily intended as an adding machine which could add and subtract two numbers directly, as well as multiply and divide by repetition. Stepped Reckoner, 1672 – Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz's mechanical calculator that could add, subtract, multiply, and divide.