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Similar land codes were adopted by other republics of the Soviet Union between 1922 and 1929. After the universal agricultural collectivization, land codes of the Soviet republics lost their significance. In 1970–1971, the Soviet Union adopted new land codes in all of the republics. The 1970 Land Code of the RSFSR was adopted on December 1, 1970.
Urban planning in the Soviet Bloc countries during the Cold War era was dictated by ideological, political, social as well as economic motives. Unlike the urban development in the Western countries, Soviet-style planning often called for the complete redesigning of cities. [1] This thinking was reflected in the urban design of all communist ...
All land had been declared nationalized by the Decree on Land, finalized in the 1922 Land Code, which also set collectivization as the long-term goal. Although the peasants had been allowed to work the land they held, the production surplus was bought by the state (on the state's terms), and the peasants cut production; whereupon food was ...
These new cities would embody strict land-use zoning, development of both housing and industry, walkable journeys to work, green spaces and leisure facilities, and a non-commercial centre. [1] Both Bater [ 1 ] and French [ 2 ] acknowledge the influence of the Garden city movement on the concept, though the degree is debated.
The 1920s and 1930s saw many reforms related to urban planning and new master plans (city plans) for urban settlements across Russia and the other republics of the Soviet Union with the help of large design institutes, among them Moscow-based Giprogor Russian Institute of Urban and Investment Development, Leningrad-based Russian State Research ...
The time of the October Revolution and the Russian Civil War which followed was a period of virtual economic collapse. Production and distribution of necessary commodities were severely tested as factories were shuttered and major cities such as Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) were depopulated, with urban residents returning to the countryside to claim a place in land redistribution and in ...
The Soviet Union (or more formally USSR – the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) was established in 1922 as a federation of nationalities, which eventually came to encompass 15 major national territories, each organized as a Union-level republic (Soviet Socialist Republic or SSR). All 15 national republics, created between 1917 and 1940 ...
The book will help fulfill the plan of the second Bolshevik spring!" Cotton growers at the "Zarya Vostoka" (Eastern Dawn) kolkhoz, Checheno-Ingush ASSR, 1938. A kolkhoz [a] (Russian: колхо́з, IPA: ⓘ) was a form of collective farm in the Soviet Union. Kolkhozes existed along with state farms or sovkhoz.