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Sarcoidosis (/ ˌ s ɑːr k ɔɪ ˈ d oʊ s ɪ s /; also known as Besnier–Boeck–Schaumann disease) is a disease involving abnormal collections of inflammatory cells that form lumps known as granulomata. [2]
The World Association of Sarcoidosis and other Granulomatous Disorders, also known as WASOG is an organisation of physicians involved in the diagnosis and treatment of sarcoidosis and related conditions.
Löfgren syndrome is a type of acute sarcoidosis, [1] an inflammatory disorder characterized by swollen lymph nodes in the chest, tender red nodules on the shins, fever and arthritis. [2] It is more common in women than men, and is more frequent in those of Scandinavian , Irish , African and Puerto Rican heritage.
The Kveim test, Nickerson-Kveim or Kveim-Siltzbach test is a skin test used to detect sarcoidosis, where part of a spleen from a patient with known sarcoidosis is injected into the skin of a patient suspected to have the disease.
Scar sarcoid (also known as "Sarcoidosis in scars") is a cutaneous condition characterized by infiltration and elevation of tattoos and old flat scars due to sarcoidosis. [2]: 710 Mucosal sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition characterized by pinhead-sized papules that may be grouped and fused together to form a flat plaque. [2]: 711
Only 1 percent of people with sarcoidosis will have neurosarcoidosis alone without involvement of any other organs. Diagnosis can be difficult, with no test apart from biopsy achieving a high accuracy rate. Treatment is with immunosuppression. [1] The first case of sarcoidosis involving the nervous system was reported in 1905. [2] [3]
Based on the marked relationship between testicular cancer and sarcoidosis, orchiectomy is recommended, even if evidence of sarcoidosis in other organs is present. By contrast, others consider immediate orchiectomy as being quite aggressive because of several factors associated with a benign diagnosis, as well as the involvement of the ...
The generally acknowledged theory proposes that a complex interplay among genetic predisposition, immunological dysregulation, and environmental factors leads to sarcoidosis. [3] It is believed that an augmented cell-mediated immune response to one or more undiscovered antigens is the cause of the granulomatous inflammation. [ 6 ]