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A prospective cohort study is a longitudinal cohort study that follows over time a group of similar individuals who differ with respect to certain factors under study to determine how these factors affect rates of a certain outcome. [1]
A current cohort study represents a true prospective study where the data concerning exposure are assembled prior to the occurrence of the fact to be studied, for instance a disease. An example of a current cohort study is the Oxford Family Planning Association Study in the United Kingdom, which aimed to provide a balanced view of the ...
A study on a cohort is a cohort study. Two important types of cohort studies are: Prospective Cohort Study: In this type of study, there is a collection of exposure data (baseline data) from the subjects recruited before development of the outcomes of interest. The subjects are then followed through time (future) to record when the subject ...
A retrospective cohort study, also called a historic cohort study, is a longitudinal cohort study used in medical and psychological research. A cohort of individuals that share a common exposure factor is compared with another group of equivalent individuals not exposed to that factor, to determine the factor's influence on the incidence of a ...
The Nurses' Health Study original cohort was established in 1976 by Frank E. Speizer. [5] Initially, the study investigated contraceptive use, smoking, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. [6] The 1976 baseline group included married female registered nurses between the ages of 30 and 55. [6]
A prospective cohort study is a type of study, e.g., in sociology or medicine, that follows participants for a particular future time period. It may also refer to the following: Prospective aspect, a grammatical aspect; Prospective Dolly (born 1987), Thoroughbred racehorse; Prospective memory, remembering to perform an intended action
A case–cohort study is a design in which cases and controls are drawn from within a prospective study. All cases who developed the outcome of interest during the follow-up are selected and compared with a random sample of the cohort. This randomly selected control sample could, by chance, include some cases.
The Whitehall Studies investigated social determinants of health, specifically the cardiovascular disease prevalence and mortality rates among British civil servants.The initial prospective cohort study, the Whitehall I Study, [1] examined over 17,500 male civil servants between the ages of 20 and 64, and was conducted over a period of ten years, beginning in 1967.