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The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, described as the world's largest lake and usually referred to as a full-fledged sea. [2] [3] [4] An endorheic basin, it lies between Europe and Asia: east of the Caucasus, west of the broad steppe of Central Asia, south of the fertile plains of Southern Russia in Eastern Europe, and north of the mountainous Iranian Plateau.
The Amu Darya (/ ˌ ɑː m uː ˈ d ɑːr j ə / AH-moo DAR-yə), [a] (Persian: آمو دریا) also shortened to Amu and historically known as the Oxus (/ ˈ ɒ k s ə s / OK-səss), [2] [b] is a major river in Central Asia, which flows through Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Afghanistan.
The Caspian Flotilla (CF) was created in November 1722 in Astrakhan by the order of Peter the Great.Led by the admiral Fyodor Apraksin, it participated in Peter's Persian campaign of 1722–1723 and the Russo-Persian War (1804–1813), assisting the Russian army in capturing Derbent and Baku during the Persian Expedition of 1796.
Within the north-west edge of the desert used to be a river. In the late Pleistocene, the Amu Darya used to flow beyond the Aral Basin to Sarykamysh Lake then to the Caspian Sea. Sedimentation and floods during a pluvial period led to overflow to the Zeravshan River valley to the east. The two flows merged and formed or expanded Horezm Lake ...
It was first accurately cartographed by Fedor Ivanovich Soimonov during the 1719 Caspian Expedition which surveyed the Caspian Sea from 1719 to 1727. [ 5 ] The bay was later known as 'Krasnovodsk Gulf' or 'Krasnovodsk Bay', [ 6 ] but it changed its name when the city at its shores changed its name from Krasnovodsk to Türkmenbaşy .
Caspian seal (Pusa caspica). Caspian seals (Pusa caspica) and varied marine birds inhabit the island. Ogurja Ada is part of the Hazar Nature Reserve of Turkmenistan. [5]The island has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports breeding colonies of gulls and terns.
After Russia, Iran has the second largest fleet in the Caspian sea. [1] Tehran has strengthened its fleet since the early 2000s. [1] According to Paul A. Goble, with recent expansion of Iranian naval forces in the Caspian Sea, "Moscow will have to take this Iranian fleet into consideration as a potential challenge". [33]
The fish is found primarily in the Caspian Sea, which is bordered by Iran, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkmenistan. It can also be found in the Black Sea basin and occasionally in the Adriatic Sea. Beluga caviar is the most expensive type of caviar, [1] with market prices ranging from $7,000 to $22,000/kg ($3,200 to $10,000/lb). [2] [3]