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During the time of the Napoleonic Wars and the creation of the Napoleonic Kingdoms and the installation of the Bonaparte Dynasty as rulers. Following the example set by the French Legion of Honour founded by Napoleon (I) Bonaparte several orders were created by the different rulers.
The National Order of the Legion of Honour (French: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur [ɔʁdʁ nɑsjɔnal də la leʒjɔ̃ dɔnœʁ] ⓘ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (Ordre impérial de la Légion d'honneur), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil, and currently comprises five classes.
The Legion of Honour was not, strictly speaking, a chivalric order at the time of its institution, since Napoleon did not like knighthood orders and the Legion of Honour had to be a "real" legion with legionaries, officers and commanders. Nevertheless, at the time of its institution, the Legion of Honour had all the hallmarks of a chivalric ...
On July 7, 1807, Napoleon I gave his youngest brother Jérôme Bonaparte the Kingdom of Westphalia, created from scratch from hitherto independent German states.After entrusting the organization to confirmed French statesmen, such as Count Joseph Jérôme Simeon (1749-1842), he invited Jérôme to take possession of his kingdom on December 7, 1807.
The Order was to be governed by a Council made up of: the Grand Master: Napoleon;; the Grand Chancellor: Bernard-Germain de Lacépède, Grand Chancellor of the Legion of Honour since 14 August 1803 was appointed as Grand Chancellor of the Order of the Three Golden Fleeces on a provisional basis. [5]
Only four of the 19 Ministerial orders have survived the reform of the French system of decorations in 1963. The others were replaced by the Ordre national du Mérite. The Grand Chancery of the Legion of Honour classifies the national system of honours of France into two categories: those honours awarded on behalf of the President of the ...
While some orders today retain the original notion of being an association or society of individuals, others make no distinction, and an "order" may even be the name of a decoration. Most historic chivalric orders imply a membership in a group, typically a confraternity. In a few exclusive European orders, membership is or was also limited in ...
The badge of the order consisted of a portrait of Saint Louis surrounded by the motto « LUD(OVICUS) M(AGNUS) IN(STITUIT) 1693 » ("Louis the Great instituted it in 1693"). The reverse features a sword interlaced with a laurel crown and a white sash, with the inscription « BELL(ICAE) VIRTUTIS PRAEM(IUM) » ("Reward of wartime valour").