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The KS1870 perforation, or KS perforation with a pitch of 0.1870", is the modern standard for release prints as well as for 135 still camera film. 65/70 mm, the other "professional" standard, was created many years after KS perforations had been recommended for negative as well as positive applications, and was adopted for positive applications.
35 mm film is a film gauge used in filmmaking, and the film standard. [1] In motion pictures that record on film, 35 mm is the most commonly used gauge. The name of the gauge is not a direct measurement, and refers to the nominal width of the 35 mm format photographic film, which consists of strips 1.377 ± 0.001 inches (34.976 ± 0.025 mm) wide.
The majority of 35 mm film systems, cameras, telecine equipment, optical printers, or projectors, are configured to accommodate the 4-perf system; each frame of 35 mm is 4 perforations long. 4-perf was (and remains) the traditional system, and the majority of projectors are based on 4-perf, because 4 perforations is the amount needed per frame vertically in order to have enough negative space ...
The Academy ratio of 1.375:1 (abbreviated as 1.37:1) is an aspect ratio of a frame of 35 mm film when used with 4-perf pulldown. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It was standardized by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences as the standard film aspect ratio in 1932, although similar-sized ratios were used as early as 1928.
The 35 mm 8 perforation Technirama horizontal camera film. Note the circle has been stretched vertically by a factor of 1.5. Technirama is a screen process that has been used by some film production houses as an alternative to CinemaScope. It was first used in 1957 but fell into disuse in the mid-1960s.
A Techniscope camera film frame. Techniscope or 2-perf is a 35 mm motion picture camera film format introduced by Technicolor Italia in 1960. [1] The Techniscope format uses a two film-perforation negative pulldown per frame, instead of the standard four-perforation frame usually exposed in 35 mm film photography.
A pilot is often the first episode of a new television series. Occasionally they will be presented as extra-long episodes, sometimes in the form of a TV movie, though this was much more common in ...
The IMAX format also uses 65 mm camera and lab film to create 70 mm prints for projection (also known as the 65/70 mm process); conforming to the pitch and perforation standard for 70 mm Todd-AO film. However, the IMAX frame is 15 perfs long and runs horizontally through the projector, whereas the Todd-AO frame is only 5 perfs high and runs ...