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Acanthocephala / ə ˌ k æ n θ oʊ ˈ s ɛ f ə l ə / [3] (Greek ἄκανθος, akanthos 'thorn' + κεφαλή, kephale 'head') is a group of parasitic worms known as acanthocephalans, thorny-headed worms, or spiny-headed worms, characterized by the presence of an eversible proboscis, armed with spines, which it uses to pierce and hold the gut wall of its host.
Human parasites are divided into endoparasites, which cause infection inside the body, and ectoparasites, which cause infection superficially within the skin. The cysts and eggs of endoparasites may be found in feces , which aids in the detection of the parasite in the human host while also providing the means for the parasitic species to exit ...
Main article: Human parasite Endoparasites Protozoan organisms Common name of organism or disease Latin name (sorted) Body parts affected Diagnostic specimen Prevalence Source/Transmission (Reservoir/Vector) Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and Acanthamoeba keratitis (eye infection) Acanthamoeba spp. eye, brain, skin culture worldwide contact lenses cleaned with contaminated tap water ...
They attach themselves to the intestinal wall using a hook covered proboscis. The worms are also characterised by the body wall and the lemnisci (which are a bundle of sensory nerve fibers), [ 6 ] which have nuclei that divide without spindle formation or the appearance of chromosomes or it has a few amoebae-like giant nuclei.
A syrphid fly using its proboscis to reach the nectar of a flower. A proboscis (/ p r oʊ ˈ b ɒ s ɪ s,-k ɪ s /) is an elongated appendage from the head of an animal, either a vertebrate or an invertebrate. In invertebrates, the term usually refers to tubular mouthparts used for feeding and sucking. In vertebrates, a proboscis is an ...
There may be paratenic hosts (hosts where parasites infest but do not undergo larval development or sexual reproduction) for Acanthocephaloides. [5] Acanthocephaloides parasitizes animals. There are no reported cases of Acanthocephaloides infesting humans in the English language medical literature. [4]
Nemertea is a phylum of animals also known as ribbon worms or proboscis worms, consisting of about 1300 known species. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Most ribbon worms are very slim, usually only a few millimeters wide, although a few have relatively short but wide bodies.
There may be paratenic hosts (hosts where parasites infest but do not undergo larval development or sexual reproduction) for Bolbosoma. [10] Bolbosoma parasitizes animals. There are reported cases of Bolbosoma infesting humans. [11] Hosts for Bolbosoma species