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Burton Nathan Raffel (April 27, 1928 – September 29, 2015) was an American writer, translator, poet and professor. He is best known for his vigorous [ 1 ] translation of Beowulf , still widely used in universities, colleges and high schools.
This is a list of translations of Beowulf, one of the best-known Old English heroic epic poems. Beowulf has been translated many times in verse and in prose. By 2020, the Beowulf's Afterlives Bibliographic Database listed some 688 translations and other versions of the poem, from Thorkelin's 1787 transcription of the text, and in at least 38 languages.
Nicholas Howe suggested three types of modern version: "high poetic translation", where literal accuracy is sacrificed to the spirit of the original and the presence of the poet/translator, as in William Morris, Edwin Morgan, Burton Raffel, and Seamus Heaney; "verse translation", somewhat faithful to Old English technique, with the translator ...
Among the best-known modern translations are those of Edwin Morgan, Burton Raffel, Michael J. Alexander, Roy Liuzza, and Seamus Heaney. The difficulty of translating Beowulf has been explored by scholars including J. R. R. Tolkien (in his essay " On Translating Beowulf " ), who worked on a verse and a prose translation of his own.
Howe concludes that in the history of approaches to translating Beowulf, Heaney joins William Morris, Edwin Morgan, and Burton Raffel as examples of "high poetic translation", where literal accuracy is sacrificed to the spirit of the original and the presence of the poet-translator; he lists Charles Kennedy, Marijane Osborn, Stanley Greenfield ...
The text has three major sections plus an introduction, written in Burton's sprawling style. Characteristically, the introduction includes not only an author's note (titled "Democritus Junior to the Reader"), but also a Latin poem ("Democritus Junior to His Book"), a warning to "The Reader Who Employs His Leisure Ill", an abstract of the ...
Raffel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Burton Raffel (1928–2015), American translator, poet and teacher; Dawn Raffel, American writer; Forrest & Leroy Raffel, founders of Arby's; Kanishka Raffel, Australian Anglican dean; Keith Raffel, American novelist, technology executive, university lecturer, and former U.S. Senate ...
This is a list of Beowulf characters. Beowulf is an Old English heroic epic poem.Its creation dates to between the 8th [1] and the 11th centuries, the only surviving manuscript dating to circa 1010. [2]