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The endosteum (pl.: endostea) is a thin vascular membrane of connective tissue that lines the inner surface of the bony tissue that forms the medullary cavity of long bones. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This endosteal surface is usually resorbed during long periods of malnutrition , resulting in less cortical thickness.
Located in the main shaft of a long bone (consisting mostly of compact bone), the medullary cavity has walls composed of spongy bone (cancellous bone) and is lined with a thin, vascular membrane . [1] [2] This area is involved in the formation of red blood cells and white blood cells, and the calcium supply for bird eggshells. The area has been ...
Inside this is the medullary cavity which has an inner core of bone marrow, it contains nutrients and help in formation of cells, made up of yellow marrow in the adult and red marrow in the child. Long bones in human skeleton (shown in red)
The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of a series of tubules and ducts that physically connect nephrons to a minor calyx or directly to the renal pelvis.The collecting duct participates in electrolyte and fluid balance through reabsorption and excretion, processes regulated by the hormones aldosterone and vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone).
The medullary rays of the cortex contain the proximal straight tubules, the cortical part of the thick ascending limb of the loops of Henle, and the cortical part of the collecting ducts. [72] The cortex is divided into lobules, each of which is a medullary ray in conjunction with connected to it nephrons, and interlobular arteries that pass ...
Volkmann's canals at right angles connect the osteons together. The columns are metabolically active, and as bone is reabsorbed and created the nature and location of the cells within the osteon will change. Cortical bone is covered by a periosteum on its outer surface, and an endosteum on its inner surface.
The diaphysis (pl.: diaphyses) is the main or midsection (shaft) of a long bone.It is made up of cortical bone and usually contains bone marrow and adipose tissue (fat).. It is a middle tubular part composed of compact bone which surrounds a central marrow cavity which contains red or yellow marrow.
It contains the growth plate, the part of the bone that grows during childhood, and as it grows it ossifies near the diaphysis and the epiphyses. The metaphysis contains a diverse population of cells including mesenchymal stem cells , which give rise to bone and fat cells, as well as hematopoietic stem cells which give rise to a variety of ...