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Transrectal ultrasonography, or TRUS in short, is a method of creating an image of organs in the pelvis, most commonly used to perform an ultrasound-guided needle biopsy evaluation of the prostate gland in men with elevated prostate-specific antigen or prostatic nodules on digital rectal exam.
The procedure may be performed transrectally, through the urethra or through the perineum. The most common approach is transrectally, and historically this was done with tactile finger guidance. [3] The most common method of prostate biopsy as of 2014 was transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate (TRUS) biopsy. [4]
Transrectal biopsy is a biopsy procedure in which a sample of tissue is removed from the prostate using a thin needle that is inserted through the rectum and into the prostate. [1] Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is usually used to guide the needle. [2] [3] The sample is examined under a microscope to see if it contains cancer.
[54] [55] For those with elevated levels of PSA, TRUS guided biopsy is performed to take a sample of the prostate for investigation. [56] Although MRI is more accurate than TRUS in determining prostate volume, TRUS is less expensive and almost as accurate as MRI. Therefore, TRUS is still preferred to measure prostate volume. [57]
Prostate saturation biopsy typically entails 40–80 core samples taken from the prostate under general anesthesia. [1] This technique is used on certain high-risk patients, typically with elevated prostate specific antigen levels, abnormal findings on previous biopsies , or abnormal rectal examinations .
Transurethral biopsy is a biopsy procedure in which a sample of tissue is removed from the prostate for examination under a microscope. A thin, lighted tube is inserted through the urethra into the prostate, and a small piece of tissue is removed with a cutting loop .
Prostate biopsy; Prostate brachytherapy; Prostate cancer screening; Prostate massage; Prostate saturation biopsy; Prostate steam treatment; Prostatectomy; Prostatic artery embolization; Prostatic stent; Prostatic urethral lift
[8] [9] Infection after the biopsy procedure is a possible risk. [10] MRI guided techniques have improved the diagnostic accuracy of the procedure. [12] [13] Biopsies can be done through the rectum or penis. [29] The biopsy technique includes factors such as needle angle and prostate mapping method. [30]