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The atomic binding energy of the atom is the energy required to disassemble an atom into free electrons and a nucleus. [4] It is the sum of the ionization energies of all the electrons belonging to a specific atom. The atomic binding energy derives from the electromagnetic interaction of the electrons with the nucleus, mediated by photons.
(The average here is the weighted average.) Also, if two atoms of lower average binding energy fuse into an atom of higher average binding energy, energy is emitted. The chart shows that fusion, or combining, of hydrogen nuclei to form heavier atoms releases energy, as does fission of uranium, the breaking up of a larger nucleus into smaller parts.
Chart of nuclides (isotopes) by binding energy, depicting the valley of stability. The diagonal line corresponds to equal numbers of neutrons and protons. Dark blue squares represent nuclides with the greatest binding energy, hence they correspond to the most stable nuclides. The binding energy is greatest along the floor of the valley of ...
Binding energy curve (average binding energy per nucleon in MeV against number of nucleons in nucleus) for a number of relatively common (abundant) isotopes (not chosen systematically; almost anything with an occurence of over .2 was chosen though a few exceptions are in there, such as U235).
The binding energy per nucleon increases with atomic number to a broad plateau around A = 60, then declines. [15] If a nucleus can be split into two parts that have a lower total energy (a consequence of the mass defect resulting from greater binding energy), it is unstable.
Rough estimate of the gravitational binding energy of Mercury. [254] 10 31 2×10 31 J The Theia Impact, the most energetic event ever in Earth's history [255] [256] 3.3×10 31 J: Total energy output of the Sun each day [240] [257] 10 32 1.71×10 32 J: Gravitational binding energy of the Earth [258] 3.10×10 32 J
The bond dissociation energy (enthalpy) [4] is also referred to as bond disruption energy, bond energy, bond strength, or binding energy (abbreviation: BDE, BE, or D). It is defined as the standard enthalpy change of the following fission: R—X → R + X. The BDE, denoted by Dº(R—X), is usually derived by the thermochemical equation,
This simple model reproduces the main features of the binding energy of nuclei. The assumption of nucleus as a drop of Fermi liquid is still widely used in the form of Finite Range Droplet Model (FRDM), due to the possible good reproduction of nuclear binding energy on the whole chart, with the necessary accuracy for predictions of unknown ...