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An artificial heart is an artificial organ device that replaces the heart.Artificial hearts are typically used to bridge the time to complete heart transplantation surgery, but research is ongoing to develop a device that could permanently replace the heart in the case that a heart transplant (from a deceased human or, experimentally, from a deceased genetically engineered pig) is unavailable ...
An artificial heart valve is a one-way valve implanted into a person's heart to replace a heart valve that is not functioning properly (valvular heart disease).Artificial heart valves can be separated into three broad classes: mechanical heart valves, bioprosthetic tissue valves and engineered tissue valves.
The Björk–Shiley valve is a mechanical artificial heart valve. The valve was co-invented by American engineer Donald Shiley and Swedish heart surgeon Viking Björk. Beginning in 1971, it has been used to replace aortic valves and mitral valves. It was the first successful tilting-disc valve.
An artificial organ is a human-made organ device or tissue that is implanted or integrated into a human – interfacing with living tissue – to replace a natural organ, to duplicate or augment a specific function or functions so the patient may return to a normal life as soon as possible. [1]
Prosthetic heart valves, including the Hancock Aortic Tissue Valve, are not without drawbacks. Structural degradation is a risk, potentially necessitating reoperation. [ 13 ] [ 3 ] Studies have indicated the need for ongoing research and improvement in bioprosthetic valve technology to address such concerns [ 13 ]
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A bioartificial heart is an engineered heart that contains the extracellular structure of a decellularized heart and cellular components from a different source. Such hearts are of particular interest for therapy as well as research into heart disease. The first bioartificial hearts were created in 2008 using cadaveric rat hearts.