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A 3.5-inch Serial ATA hard disk drive A 2.5-inch Serial ATA solid-state drive. SATA was announced in 2000 [4] [5] in order to provide several advantages over the earlier PATA interface such as reduced cable size and cost (seven conductors instead of 40 or 80), native hot swapping, faster data transfer through higher signaling rates, and more efficient transfer through an (optional) I/O queuing ...
The SAS is a new generation serial communication protocol for devices designed to allow for much higher speed data transfers and is compatible with SATA. SAS uses a mechanically identical data and power connector to standard 3.5-inch SATA1/SATA2 HDDs, and many server-oriented SAS RAID controllers are also capable of addressing SATA hard drives.
A Serial ATA port multiplier (SATA PM) is a device that allows multiple SATA devices to be connected to a single SATA host port. Many common controllers do not support this feature, [ 1 ] as it is not a requirement for a SATA controller.
Staggered spin-up (SSU) was introduced into SATA revision 2.5 in 2005. [2] SSU allows a SATA host bus adapter to spin up hard drives in a sequential manner. [ 3 ] In SATA 2.5 and above, the drive starts without spinup if the "disabled stagged spinup" (DSS) pin (standard power connector pin 11) is left floating.
Inner view of a 1998 Seagate HDD that used the Parallel ATA interface 2.5-inch SATA drive on top of 3.5-inch SATA drive, showing close-up of (7-pin) data and (15-pin) power connectors. Current hard drives connect to a computer over one of several bus types, including parallel ATA, Serial ATA, SCSI, Serial Attached SCSI (SAS), and Fibre Channel.
SASI, which was used in mini- and early microcomputers, defined the interface as using a 50-pin flat ribbon connector which was adopted as the SCSI-1 connector. SASI is a fully compliant subset of SCSI-1 so that many, if not all, of the then-existing SASI controllers were SCSI-1 compatible.
A SAS Domain is the SAS version of a SCSI domain—it consists of a set of SAS devices that communicate with one another by means of a service delivery subsystem. Each SAS port in a SAS domain has a SCSI port identifier that identifies the port uniquely within the SAS domain, the World Wide Name.
In logical block addressing, only one number is used to address data, and each linear base address describes a single block. The LBA scheme replaces earlier schemes which exposed the physical details of the storage device to the software of the operating system. Chief among these was the cylinder-head-sector (CHS) scheme, where blocks were addressed by means