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Johnston Atoll Airport is located on the Johnston Atoll in the United States Minor Outlying Islands, in the Pacific Ocean 717 nautical miles (1328 kilometers) southwest of Hawaii. It was an active U.S. military facility during the 20th century, but the airport was shut down in 2005 and the runway is not maintained.
[7] [14] [16] The new airport was built to replace Ishigaki Airport, which had a runway of only 1,500 metres (4,900 ft), and could generally accommodate small jets, typically a 150-passenger Boeing 737. [7] The initial plan called for an airport to be built on extensive landfill off the eastern shore of the island in the Shiraho district.
Water taxis or other high speed surface vessels would be a part of an offshore mass transit system that could connect the floating airport to coastal communities and minimize traffic issues. A floating structure, such as a floating airport, is theorized to have less impact on the environment than the land-based alternative.
A 4,000-by-500-foot (1,219 by 152 m) runway was built together with two 400-man barracks, two mess halls, a cold-storage building, an underground hospital, a fresh-water plant, shop buildings, and fuel storage facilities. The base was complete by the time of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941. [2]: 159
The airport was the first airport in the world to be built on the ocean, using an existing small island located in the center of Ōmura Bay, with land areas that were fully reclaimed. Nagasaki Airport was built to replace the former airport called Omura Airport, which was located on the mainland and had a shorter runway of 1,200 metres (3,900 ft).
French Frigate Shoals Airport (ICAO: PHHF, FAA LID: HFS) is a private use airport on Tern Island in French Frigate Shoals, a coral atoll, in Hawaii, United States. It is owned by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service , [ 1 ] as part of the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge .
Johnston Atoll is located between the Marshall Islands and the Hawaiian Islands. Johnston Atoll is a 1,300-hectare (3,200-acre) atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, located about 750 nautical miles (1,390 km; 860 mi) southwest of the island of Hawaiʻi, and is grouped as one of the United States Minor Outlying Islands. [11]
Satellite photo of Kansai Airport (lower-right island) in Osaka Bay. Kobe Airport is being built on the unfinished island near the middle of the photo. Central Osaka is in the upper-right corner, along with Osaka International. Airport map. An artificial island, 4 km (2 + 1 ⁄ 2 mi) long and 2.5 km (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 mi) wide, was proposed