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Candida in its pathogenic hyphal form is occasionally seen in biopsies of idiopathic leukoplakia. It is debated whether candida infection is a primary cause of leukoplakia with or without dysplasia, or a superimposed (secondary) infection that occurs after the development of the lesion. It is known that Candida species thrive in altered tissues ...
Another term for hyperplastic candidiasis is "candidal leukoplakia". This term is a largely historical synonym for this subtype of candidiasis, rather than a true leukoplakia. [11] Indeed, it can be clinically indistinguishable from true leukoplakia, but tissue biopsy shows candidal hyphae invading the epithelium.
Hairy leukoplakia is one of the most common oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS, along with oral candidiasis. [7] It is the most common HIV/AIDS related condition caused by EBV, although EBV associated lymphomas may also occur. [5] OHL mainly occurs in adult males, less commonly in adult females and rarely in children. [8]
Candidiasis is a fungal infection due to any species of the genus Candida (a yeast). [4] When it affects the mouth, in some countries it is commonly called thrush. [3] Signs and symptoms include white patches on the tongue or other areas of the mouth and throat. [3]
Erythroleukoplakia ("speckled leukoplakia"), left commissure. Biopsy showed mild epithelial dysplasia and candida infection. Antifungal medication may turn this type of lesion into a homogenous leukoplakia (i.e. the red areas would disappear) Specialty: Oral medicine
Diagnosis is mainly clinical, based on the history and clinical appearance. The differential diagnosis includes other oral white lesions such as Leukoplakia, squamous cell carcinoma, oral candidiasis, lichen planus, white sponge nevus and contact stomatitis. [7] In contrast to pseudomembraneous candidiasis, this white patch cannot be wiped off. [7]
In about 90% of cases, Candida species are involved, [4] which are normally a harmless component of the oral microbiota in many people. Denture-related stomatitis is the most common form of oral candidiasis (a yeast infection of the mouth). It is more common in elderly people, and in those who wear a complete upper denture (a denture which ...
Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia is commonly associated with Candida infection. [14] Strong correlation between denture stomatitis and poor hygiene in the use of prostheses have been found in a few studies in Brazil. [15] [16] Denture stomatitis is the most frequent denture related mucosal lesion and is always associated with Candida albicans.