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Phosphorus trichloride is commonly used to convert primary and secondary alcohols to the corresponding chlorides. [14] As discussed above, the reaction of alcohols with phosphorus trichloride is sensitive to conditions. The mechanism for the ROH →RCl conversion involves the reaction of HCl with phosphite esters: P(OR) 3 + HCl ⇌ HP(OR) + 3 ...
The most common and practical synthesis, hence used in industrial manufacturing, is directly reacting phosphorus trichloride with excess sulfur at 180 °C. [6] PCl 3 + S → PSCl 3. Using this method, yields can be very high after purification by distillation. Catalysts facilitate the reaction at lower temperatures, but are not usually necessary.
Phosphoryl chloride (commonly called phosphorus oxychloride) is a colourless liquid with the formula P O Cl 3. It hydrolyses in moist air releasing phosphoric acid and fumes of hydrogen chloride. It is manufactured industrially on a large scale from phosphorus trichloride and oxygen or phosphorus pentoxide. [4] It is mainly used to make ...
Such species arise via alcoholysis reactions of the corresponding phosphonous and phosphinous chlorides ((PCl 2 R') and (PClR' 2) , respectively). The latter are produced by reaction of a phosphorus trichloride with a poor metal-alkyl complex, e.g. organomercury, organolead, or a mixed lithium-organoaluminum compound. [8]
Phosphite esters are typically prepared by treating phosphorus trichloride with an alcohol. For alkyl alcohols the displaced chloride ion can attack the phosphite, causing dealkylation to give a dialkylphosphite and an organochlorine compound. [1] [2] The overall reaction is as follows: PCl 3 + 3 C 2 H 5 OH → (C 2 H 5 O) 2 P(O)H + 2 HCl + C 2 ...
The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet for this chemical from a reliable source such as SIRI, and follow its directions.
Triethylphosphite is prepared by treating phosphorus trichloride with ethanol in the presence of a base, typically a tertiary amine: [1] PCl 3 + 3 EtOH + 3 R 3 N → P(OEt) 3 + 3 R 3 NH + 3 Cl −. In the absence of the base, the reaction of ethanol and phosphorus trichloride affords diethylphosphite ((EtO) 2 P(O)H). Of the many related ...
In organophosphorus chemistry, the Kinnear–Perren reaction (sometimes the Clay-Kinnear-Perren reaction) is used to prepare alkylphosphonyl dichlorides (RP(O)Cl 2) and alkylphosphonate esters (RP(O)(OR') 2). [1] The reactants are alkyl chloride, phosphorus trichloride, and aluminium trichloride as catalyst. [2]